Characterization of Music and Photograph Evoked Autobiographical Memories in People with Alzheimer’s Disease

Baird, Amee; Brancatisano, Olivia; Gelding, Rebecca; Thompson, William Forde

doi:10.3233/jad-180627

Cited by 34 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Such memories are considered to be non-specific in the sense that they represent repeated or extended events that occurred during a particular time period, rather than a specific episode. This is consistent with earlier work suggesting MEAMs are less specific than PEAMs, and more likely to comprise semantic associations, lifetime periods or repeated/extended events, while PEAMs are more likely to relate to specific events, although this could be due to the nature of the photo stimuli (Baird et al, 2018(Baird et al, , 2020.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…We found no group differences in the topic of memories evoked by music and photo stimuli at either time point. Overall, MEAMs were typically of a "period of life" (e.g., high-school years) consistent with prior research (Baird et al, 2018(Baird et al, , 2020see also Janata et al, 2007). Such memories are considered to be non-specific in the sense that they represent repeated or extended events that occurred during a particular time period, rather than a specific episode.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

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A Preliminary Exploration of the Stability of Music- and Photo-Evoked Autobiographical Memories in People with Alzheimer’s and Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia

et al. 2020

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Music evoked autobiographical memories (MEAMs) occur in people with Alzheimer’s dementia (AD), but there is limited study of such memories in people with other dementia types such as behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (Bv-FTD). Furthermore, there has been no study of the integrity of such memories over time, and scarce comparison with other memory cues such as photos. Our aim was to address this current gap in our knowledge and to characterize MEAMs and photo-evoked autobiographical memories (PEAMs) in healthy elderly people and people with AD and Bv-FTD on two occasions, 6 months apart. Twenty-two participants (7 with AD, 6 with Bv-FTD, and 9 healthy elderly people) reported memories following exposure to two famous songs and two famous event photographs from each decade from 1930–2010 on two occasions. All people with AD and all healthy elderly controls reported at least one MEAM or PEAM at both times. In contrast, two people with Bv-FTD reported no memories at either time. The percentage of memories over time for songs and photos remained stable for the Healthy Elderly and AD groups, whilst the percentage of memories to songs increased over time for people with Bv-FTD. Songs elicited more positive memories than photos. The specific music and photo stimuli that triggered memories, and the topic of the memories that were evoked, remained stable over a 6-month period across all groups. Our results suggest that music and photos are efficient memory cues in people with AD and Bv-FTD. Future large-scale studies of people with different dementia types over a longer time period will provide insights into the integrity of music- and photo-evoked autobiographical memories as dementia progresses.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

A Preliminary Exploration of the Stability of Music- and Photo-Evoked Autobiographical Memories in People with Alzheimer’s and Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia

et al. 2020

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“…Lastly, music can prime or scaffold other (non-musical) functions. For example, music can stimulate autobiographical memory (e.g., Irish et al, 2006; Baird et al, 2018). It also engages the individual in new learning, exercise and cognitive training, and thus can reinforce the processes of ‘neural scaffolding.’ This is a process, originally defined by Park and Reuter-Lorenz (2009) in their ‘Scaffolding Theory of Aging and Cognition’ (STAC) model, which explains how life-course factors can enhance or deplete neural resources, influencing the developmental course of cognition and brain function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Receptive music-based treatments have been shown to significantly improve apathy (Massaia et al, 2018; Tang et al, 2018) and increase smiling behaviors compared to a control intervention of standard care (Raglio et al, 2008). Music also plays an important role in re-gaining access to emotions and memories, particularly in people with AD (e.g., El Haj et al, 2012; Baird et al, 2018). Interestingly, episodic memories evoked by music in people with AD tend to contain more emotional content and are more positively valanced, than episodic memories evoked in silence (El Haj et al, 2012; Cuddy et al, 2017), implying that the effects of music can benefit people with AD not only by eliciting memories, but also by inducing a positive state of mind.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A ‘Music, Mind and Movement’ Program for People With Dementia: Initial Evidence of Improved Cognition

2019

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Background Music is being increasingly used as a therapeutic tool for people with dementia. Research has uncovered several qualities of music that are responsible for its beneficial effects. Based on the identification of seven therapeutic capacities of music, we devised the Music, Mind, and Movement (MMM) program and evaluated whether it had therapeutic benefit for people with dementia (various types) in the areas of cognition, mood, identity, and motor fluency. Methods The MMM program involved seven 45-min weekly group sessions, and individual 15-min “booster” sessions. Twenty people with mild to moderate dementia participated. Group 1 ( n = 10) completed the MMM program first and Group 2 ( n = 10) acted as a wait list control for 7 weeks, receiving standard care and completing the MMM program after the first group. Assessments of global cognition (Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination, ACE-III), mood (Geriatric Depression Scale short form), identity (‘I am’ task), and fine motor skills (9-Hole peg task) were conducted at baseline (T1), time 2 (T2, post treatment), and time 3 (T3, 1 month post MMM program). Results Within group comparisons were conducted with 12 participants from the MMM program and 10 participants receiving standard care. Global cognition (total ACE-III score) improved in 8/12 participants after the MMM program, whilst it decreased in 8/10 participants after the period of standard care. MMM participants showed increases in ACE-III subdomain scores of attention ( p = 0.007) and verbal fluency ( p = 0.056). Conclusion Our preliminary findings suggest that the MMM program may improve cognition, particularly verbal fluency and attention, in people with dementia.

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“…Finally, MEAMs have generated interest within clinical work, as some research has suggested that music can be an effective cue for autobiographical memories even in populations for which memory retrieval processes have become impaired due to disease or brain damage. For instance, music-in particular, self-selected music-has been shown to be a more effective cue for autobiographical memory recall than a silent control condition (El Haj, Postal, & Allain, 2012;Irish et al, 2006) and photographs of famous events (Baird et al, 2018) in people with Alzheimer's disease. This facilitation effect of music may be related to the more involuntary nature of retrieval of MEAMs, as involuntary retrieval may be relatively spared in comparison with deliberate recall processes in Alzheimer's disease (El Haj, Fasotti, & Allain, 2012).…”

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confidence: 99%

Music-evoked autobiographical memories in everyday life

Jakubowski

Ghosh

2019

Psychology of Music

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Music can be a particularly effective cue for bringing one back to the sights and sounds of events from across the lifespan. These music-evoked autobiographical memories (MEAMs) have typically been studied within laboratory experiments and clinical settings, often using experimenter-selected music to cue autobiographical memories. The present work took a more naturalistic approach, by studying the situational aspects, contents, and features of MEAMs within the course of participants’ everyday lives. Participants ( N = 31) recorded details of their MEAMs and music listening habits in a diary for 7 days. MEAMs were experienced, on average, once per day and were cued by a wide variety of music, often during routine tasks such as traveling and housework. Everyday MEAMs were typically rated as highly vivid and involuntary and were often accompanied by positive or mixed emotions (e.g., happiness, nostalgia) and social themes. Some evidence of individual differences was found, with older participants rating their MEAMs as more vivid and accompanied by more positive emotions. The features reported within everyday MEAMs replicated several previous findings on MEAMs and autobiographical memory more generally, indicating that this naturalistic method was able to capture genuine MEAM experiences. Implications for future research on naturally occurring MEAMs are discussed.

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Characterization of Music and Photograph Evoked Autobiographical Memories in People with Alzheimer’s Disease

Cited by 34 publications

References 38 publications

A Preliminary Exploration of the Stability of Music- and Photo-Evoked Autobiographical Memories in People with Alzheimer’s and Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia

A Preliminary Exploration of the Stability of Music- and Photo-Evoked Autobiographical Memories in People with Alzheimer’s and Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia

A ‘Music, Mind and Movement’ Program for People With Dementia: Initial Evidence of Improved Cognition

Music-evoked autobiographical memories in everyday life

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