Characterization of multiferroic Bi0.8RE0.2FeO3 powders (RE=Nd3+, Eu3+) grown by the sol–gel method

Bi1−xEuxFeO3 Powders: Synthesis, Characterization, Magnetic and Photoluminescence Properties

“…In the latter case, the particle size decreases from 78 nm for x = 0.10 to 56 nm for x = 0.15. This kind of effect is consistent with other studies regarding substituted BiFeO 3 particles prepared by various techniques [24,26,31,41]. Moreover, Dai et al explained this in the case of (Eu, Ti) co-substituted ceramics as a result of suppression of oxygen vacancies by the solutes, which slows oxygen ion motion and, consequently, grain growth rate [42].…”

“…The effect of several rare-earth dopants/solutes, as Ho [13,14], Sm [15,16], La [17,18], Dy [19], Gd [20], or Nd [21] on the properties of bismuth ferrite have been investigated. There are some works which described the effect of Eu 3+ used as A site solute on the characteristics of bismuth ferrite powders prepared by various non-conventional techniques, such as hydrothermal process [22], ball milling [23], or different variants of the sol-gel methods [24,25,26], etc. Even if the magnetic behavior of these powders was extensively analyzed, however no data regarding other properties as photoluminescence were reported.…”

Characterization of multiferroic Bi 1−x Eu x FeO 3 powders prepared by sol-gel method

“…It may reflect by different structural phases. For these temperatures, may play magnetoelectric coupling creating charge density acentricity and assistance of photoinduced phonons [19][20][21].  Eu doped BiFeO 3 powders were prepared by sol gel process without secondary phases.…”