Characterization of molecular markers to assess cardiac cushions formation in Xenopus

Lee, Young Ho; Saint-Jeannet, Jean Pierre

doi:10.1002/dvdy.22148

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Chick shares features of PE attachment with many vertebrates including shark, frog, rat and human (Hirakow, 1992; Jahr et al, 2008; Manner, 1993; Nesbitt et al, 2006; Pombal et al, 2008). In particular, the proepicardium in all of these species forms stable tissue bridges that bind to the heart near the atrioventricular junction, typically the site of Bmp2 and/or Bmp4 expression (Danesh et al, 2009; Jiao et al, 2003; Lee and Saint-Jeannet, 2009). Thus, it is possible that myocardial BMP2/4 serves as an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of PE recruitment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BMP Signals Promote Proepicardial Protrusion Necessary for Recruitment of Coronary Vessel and Epicardial Progenitors to the Heart

et al. 2010

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SUMMARY The coronary vessels and epicardium arise from an extracardiac rudiment called the proepicardium. Failed fusion of the proepicardium to the heart results in severe coronary and heart defects. However, it is unknown how the proepicardium protrudes toward and attaches to the looping heart tube. Here we show that ectopic expression of BMP ligands in the embryonic myocardium can cause proepicardial cells to target aberrant regions of the heart. Additionally, misexpression of a BMP antagonist, Noggin, suppresses proepicardium protrusion and contact with the heart. Finally, proepicardium explant preferentially expands toward a co-cultured heart segment. This preference can be mimicked by BMP2/4 and suppressed by Noggin. These results support a model in which myocardium-derived BMP signals regulate the entry of coronary progenitors to the specific site of the heart by directing their morphogenetic movement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BMP Signals Promote Proepicardial Protrusion Necessary for Recruitment of Coronary Vessel and Epicardial Progenitors to the Heart

et al. 2010

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“…2M) (Cleaver et al, 1996), whereas Sox8 is restricted to the spiral septum and the NC-derived head mesenchyme (Fig. 2N) (Lee and Saint-Jeannet, 2009). RFPlabeled NC cells in the aortic sac of grafted embryos were seen to abut, but not overlap, with the Nkx2.5 expression domain (Fig.…”

Section: Research Article Development 138 (10)mentioning

confidence: 94%

Cardiac neural crest is dispensable for outflow tract septation in Xenopus

Lee

Saint-Jeannet

2011

Development

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SUMMARYIn vertebrate embryos, cardiac precursor cells of the primary heart field are specified in the lateral mesoderm. These cells converge at the ventral midline to form the linear heart tube, and give rise to the atria and the left ventricle. The right ventricle and the outflow tract are derived from an adjacent population of precursors known as the second heart field. In addition, the cardiac neural crest contributes cells to the septum of the outflow tract to separate the systemic and the pulmonary circulations. The amphibian heart has a single ventricle and an outflow tract with an incomplete spiral septum; however, it is unknown whether the cardiac neural crest is also involved in outflow tract septation, as in amniotes. Using a combination of tissue transplantations and molecular analyses in Xenopus we show that the amphibian outflow tract is derived from a second heart field equivalent to that described in birds and mammals. However, in contrast to what we see in amniotes, it is the second heart field and not the cardiac neural crest that forms the septum of the amphibian outflow tract. In Xenopus, cardiac neural crest cells remain confined to the aortic sac and arch arteries and never populate the outflow tract cushions. This significant difference suggests that cardiac neural crest cell migration into the cardiac cushions is an amniote-specific characteristic, presumably acquired to increase the mass of the outflow tract septum with the evolutionary need for a fully divided circulation.

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“…Also, in Xenopus, Frzb1 is expressed in cardiac cushions suggesting a conserved function among distinct species. 102 The Neural Crest and the Development of the Outflow Tract…”

Section: Septation and Cardiac Valve Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Multiple Phases and Faces of Wnt Signaling During Cardiac Differentiation and Development

Gessert

Kühl

2010

Circulation Research

354

310

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Understanding heart development on a molecular level is a prerequisite for uncovering the causes of congenital heart diseases. Therapeutic approaches that try to enhance cardiac regeneration or that involve the differentiation of resident cardiac progenitor cells or patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells will also benefit tremendously from this knowledge. Wnt proteins have been shown to play multiple roles during cardiac differentiation and development. They are extracellular growth factors that activate different intracellular signaling branches. Here, we summarize our current understanding of how these factors affect different aspects of cardiogenesis, starting from early specification of cardiac progenitors and continuing on to later developmental steps, such as morphogenetic processes, valve formation, and establishment of the conduction system. (Circ Res. 2010;107:186-199.)

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Characterization of molecular markers to assess cardiac cushions formation in Xenopus

Cited by 5 publications

References 51 publications

BMP Signals Promote Proepicardial Protrusion Necessary for Recruitment of Coronary Vessel and Epicardial Progenitors to the Heart

BMP Signals Promote Proepicardial Protrusion Necessary for Recruitment of Coronary Vessel and Epicardial Progenitors to the Heart

Cardiac neural crest is dispensable for outflow tract septation in Xenopus

The Multiple Phases and Faces of Wnt Signaling During Cardiac Differentiation and Development

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