Characterization of MgxZn1−xO thin films prepared by sol–gel dip coating

Ji, Zhenguo; Song, Yongliang; Yin, Xiaoxing; Liu, Kun; Wang, Chao; Ye, Zhizhen

doi:10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2004.02.083

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…21 Finally, we note that Mg doping is capable of increasing the transmittance also in electrochromic Ni-oxide- based films 22 and in ZnO films and nanoparticles. [23][24][25] Bandgap widening in Mg x Zn 1−x O has been modeled recently in ab initio calculations 26 and it is conceivable that a similar approach can account for Mg x V 1−x O 2 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Mg doping of thermochromic VO2 films enhances the optical transmittance and decreases the metal-insulator transition temperature

Mlyuka

Niklasson

Granqvist

2009

Applied Physics Letters

250

155

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Thermochromic films of Mg x V 1−x O 2 were made by reactive dc magnetron sputtering onto heated glass. The metal-insulator transition temperature decreased by ϳ3 K/ at. %Mg, while the optical transmittance increased concomitantly. Specifically, the transmittance of visible light and of solar radiation was enhanced by ϳ10% when the Mg content was ϳ7 at. %. Our results point at the usefulness of these films for energy efficient fenestration. © 2009 American Institute of Physics. ͓doi:10.1063/1.3229949͔ Thermochromic VO 2 films transmit more solar radiation below a "critical" temperature c than above this temperature. As shown in this letter, Mg doping of VO 2 enhances the luminous transmittance T lum and lowers c , thus demonstrating that such films are interesting for windows of energy efficient buildings.Worldwide, 30%-40% of all primary energy is used in buildings, and well insulated envelopes as well as radiation control of window apertures are keys to energy efficiency and associated CO 2 abatement. 1 Optimized radiation control requires chromogenic materials, 2 and thermochromic coatings are interesting options either for stand-alone uses, because a single coating can be applied, or for boosting the performance of electrochromic "smart windows." 3 VO 2 is a well studied thermochromic material. 4 Bulk VO 2 is monoclinic and insulating at Ͻ c and is tetragonal and metallic at Ͼ c , where is temperature and c Ϸ 68°C. 5 The nature of the metal-insulator transition ͑MIT͒ has been much debated, but recent work indicates a Mott transition. [6][7][8] 15 It has been found that a few percent of W can decrease c to 20 to 25°C, i.e., to a comfort temperature suitable for practical fenestration. However, the requirement of a high relative modulation of the transmittance at c has invariably limited T lum to Ͻ40%, which in general is too low. 4 Our Mg x V 1−x O 2 films were made by reactive dc magnetron sputtering onto substrates of glass ͑and simultaneously onto carbon plates for compositional analysis͒ from 5-cm-diameter targets of V ͑99.5%͒ and Mg ͑99.99%͒. After evacuation to 0.4 mTorr, Ar and O 2 ͑both 99.997%͒ were introduced via mass-flow-controlled regulators so that the Ar/ O 2 ratio was ϳ19 and the total pressure was ϳ92 m Torr. Cosputtering took place at powers being 210 W and 0-29 W for the V and Mg targets, respectively. The substrates were kept at 450°C, and the target-substrate separation was 13 cm. Deposition rates, via sputtering time and thickness d by surface profilometry, were 0.083 nm/s from V and 0-0.008 nm/s from Mg.Spectral normal transmittance T͑ , ͒ was measured for 300 nmϽ Ͻ2500 nm and 20°C Ͻ Ͻ 120°C as described before. 11 Figure 1͑a͒ refers to VO 2 and Mg 0.072 V 0.928 O 2 films with d =50Ϯ 5 nm. The VO 2 film displays expected thermochromism. 4,11 Importantly, Mg doping yields a significantly larger value of T͑ , ͒ for Ͻ600 nm at both temperatures. Quantitative enhancements were evalua͒ Electronic mail: nmlyuka@yahoo.com. Present address:

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confidence: 99%

Mg doping of thermochromic VO2 films enhances the optical transmittance and decreases the metal-insulator transition temperature

Mlyuka

Niklasson

Granqvist

2009

Applied Physics Letters

250

155

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“…Ohtomo et al [15] have found that the thermodynamically MgO is soluble in Mg x Zn 1x O up to a value of x = 0.15, while recently Ryoken et al [16] reported the value to be in the composition range 0.12 < x < 0.18. There are very few studies on the solgelMg x Zn 1x Othin films where substitution up to 20%, 33%, and 36% were reported [17][18][19]. Most of the reported work mainly correlates with the ferromagnetic properties of Mn-doped ZnO nanostructures and its origin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Manganese doped ZnO (MZO) thin films by Spin Coating Technique

Mahendran¹,

Kashif²,

Kumar³

et al. 2013

IOSR-JAP

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“…Recently, researches shown that a wide band gap between 3.2 and 5.0 eV had been realized in Mg-doping ZnO by varying the Mg content [3][4][5], which is of great interest for the application in ultraviolet photoelectric devices due to its adjustable wide band gap and ultraviole transparence. Mg x Zn 1-x O has relatively low conductivity, but its electrical properties may be improved by cationic or anionic substitution, such as Al, Ga, In, F, B and so on [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mg x Zn 1-x O has relatively low conductivity, but its electrical properties may be improved by cationic or anionic substitution, such as Al, Ga, In, F, B and so on [6,7]. Many techniques, including PLD [3], magnetron sputtering [4] and sol-gel [5], have been employed to synthesize Mg x Zn 1-x O thin films. Ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) is an important technique for preparing large-area thin films with low cost, which has been used successfully to synthesize high quality non-doped or doped ZnO thin films [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low temperature synthesis and properties of MgxZn1−x O:Al UV transparent conducting films by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis

Wang

Cao

et al. 2011

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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Characterization of MgxZn1−xO thin films prepared by sol–gel dip coating

Cited by 31 publications

References 11 publications

Mg doping of thermochromic VO2 films enhances the optical transmittance and decreases the metal-insulator transition temperature

Mg doping of thermochromic VO2 films enhances the optical transmittance and decreases the metal-insulator transition temperature

Characterization of Manganese doped ZnO (MZO) thin films by Spin Coating Technique

Low temperature synthesis and properties of MgxZn1−x O:Al UV transparent conducting films by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis

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