Characterization of Methyl Methacrylate Grafting onto Preirradiated Biodegradable Lignocellulose Fiber by γ‐Radiation

Abstract

Gamma-radiation-induced graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate onto natural lignocellulose (jute) fiber was carried out by the preirradiation method in an aqueous medium by using octylphenoxy-polyethoxyethanol as an emulsifier. The different factors that influenced the graft copolymer reaction process were investigated. In the case of radiation-dose-dependent grafting, samples irradiated in the presence of air produced up to 73% graft weight compared to 53% obtained in the case of irradiation in a nitrogen environment. By assuming Arrhenius reaction kinetics, the activation energy (E(a)) of the grafting reaction process was evaluated for different reaction temperatures. Moreover, the graft copolymer reaction was controlled by incorporating a homopolymer-inhibiting agent and three different chain-transfer agents in the reaction medium. The mechanical and thermal properties of jute fiber 'as received' and jute-graft-poly(methyl methacrylate) were also investigated. The results showed that the percentage of grafting with jute fiber has a significant effect on the properties. The kinetic parameters were evaluated from TGA thermograms by using Broido's method in the temperature range 240-350 degrees C. Scanning electron micrographs show that the structural changes on the surface of jute fibers were induced by graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate monomer. Fiber-fiber surface friction was measured in terms of the average maximum load and the kinetic friction. SEM of jute-graft-poly(methyl methacrylate).

Radiation crosslinked polymerization of methacrylamide and psyllium to develop antibiotic drug delivery device

“…Graft copolymerization of vinyl monomers onto polysaccharides has been carried out by a simultaneous irradiation technique using ␥-rays as the initiator [15] and reaction has been controlled by incorporating a homopolymer-inhibiting agent [16]. This method of crosslinking produces pure, sterile and residue-free hydrogels and no catalysts or additives are needed to initiate the reaction.…”

Preparation and characterization of a strong basic anion exchanger by radiation-induced grafting of styrene onto poly(tetrafluoroethylene) fiber

“…An alternative to the simultaneous irradiation and grafting method is the preirradiation method [26]. The preirradiation method causes little homopolymerization reaction [27], and requires a relatively simple postgrafting process. Furthermore, the grafting can be carried out away from the irradiation sources at any time and can be operated continuously in industry [28].…”

Re-Emerging Field of Lignocellulosic Fiber – Polymer Composites and Ionizing Radiation Technology in their Formulation

“…[88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102] Both physical and chemical methods have been proposed for surface modification. As indicated by Bledzki et al, 88 some physical modifications might include stretching, calendaring, thermal treatments, electric discharge (corona, cold plasma), and production of hybrid yarns.…”

“…Radiation-assisted grafting, which generates surface functionality on the fibers tailored to encourage chemical bonding and crosslinking at the polymer interface, may utilize UV light, 105,108,111,[115][116][117]141 electron beam, 122 gamma rays, 102,139,140,142,143 and even microwave radiation. 144 Nonionizing UV light and microwave radiation, owing to their comparatively lower energies, are not as effective as ionizing radiation.…”