Characterization of membrane-bound fatty acid desaturases

Klempová, Tatiana; Mihálik, Daniel; Čertı́k, Milan

doi:10.4149/gpb_2013051

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…In plant cells, saturated fatty acids are synthesized by the type II fatty acid synthase system with the aid of an acyl carrier protein (ACP). The biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acid is conducted by the desaturation of saturated fatty acids depending on two kinds of acyl lipases, which include glycerol-3-phosphateacyl transferase (GPAT) that is responsible for the lipidization on the C-1 position of the glycerol skeleton, and monoacyl-glycerol-3-phosphateacyl transferase (MGAT) that is responsible for the lipidization at the C-2 position, as well as various fatty acid desaturases (FAD) (Klempova et al, 2013). Acyl carrier protein is a small, acidic protein that plays an essential role in fatty acid synthesis by elongating fatty acid chains.…”

Section: Effects Of Cold Stress On Membrane Lipid Unsaturationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress in Membrane Lipid Metabolism and Molecular Mechanism in Peanut Cold Tolerance

et al. 2019

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Early sowing has been extensively used in high-latitude areas to avoid drought stress during sowing; however, cold damage has become the key limiting factor of early sowing. To relieve cold stress, plants develop a series of physiological and biochemical changes and sophisticated molecular regulatory mechanisms. The biomembrane is the barrier that protects cells from injury as well as the primary place for sensing cold signals. Chilling tolerance is closely related to the composition, structure, and metabolic process of membrane lipids. This review focuses on membrane lipid metabolism and its molecular mechanism, as well as lipid signal transduction in peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L. ) under cold stress to build a foundation for explicating lipid metabolism regulation patterns and physiological and molecular response mechanisms during cold stress and to promote the genetic improvement of peanut cold tolerance.

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Section: Effects Of Cold Stress On Membrane Lipid Unsaturationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress in Membrane Lipid Metabolism and Molecular Mechanism in Peanut Cold Tolerance

et al. 2019

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“…In the present study, we found that the expression levels of ∆9 and ∆15 desaturases were substantially increased, but ∆12 desaturases had no obvious change when F. graminearum was cultivated at 10 • C compared with that at 25 • C. ∆9 is the only desaturase existing in all types of organisms, which play an indispensable role in maintaining the appropriate fluidity of biofilms during evolution [17]. Compared with other fatty acid desaturases, the activity of ∆9 desaturases was mostly involved in changing the membrane fluidity during temperature variation [71,72].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%

“…Fatty acids are important components of biofilms, which are responsible for receiving signals from external environmental factors [17]. The changes in the physiological, biochemical and physical properties of the biofilm directly reflect the impact of the environment on organisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FgFAD12 Regulates Vegetative Growth, Pathogenicity and Linoleic Acid Biosynthesis in Fusarium graminearum

Zhang,

Gao,

Lei

et al. 2024

JoF

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Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), as important components of lipids, play indispensable roles in the development of all organisms. ∆12 fatty acid desaturase (FAD12) is a speed-determining step in the biosynthesis of PUFAs. Here, we report the characterization of FAD12 in Fusarium graminearum, which is the prevalent agent of Fusarium head blight, a destructive plant disease worldwide. The results demonstrated that deletion of the FgFAD12 gene resulted in defects in vegetative growth, conidial germination and plant pathogenesis but not sexual reproduction. A fatty acid analysis further proved that the deletion of FgFAD12 restrained the reaction of oleic acid to linoleic acid, and a large amount of oleic acid was detected in the cells. Moreover, the ∆Fgfad12 mutant showed increased resistance to osmotic stress and reduced tolerance to oxidative stress. The expression of FgFAD12 did show a temperature-dependent manner, which was not affected at a low temperature of 10 °C when compared to 25 °C. RNA-seq analysis further demonstrated that most genes enriched in fatty acid metabolism, the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid degradation, steroid biosynthesis and fatty acid elongation pathways were significantly up-regulated in the ∆Fgfad12 mutants. Overall, our results indicate that FgFAD12 is essential for linoleic acid biosynthesis and plays an important role in the infection process of F. graminearum.

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“…Humans consume predominantly six common edible saturated FA, such as hexadecanoic acid (palmitic acid), (9Z)-hexadec-9-enoic acid (palmitoleic acid), octadecanoid acid (stearic acid, cetylacetic acid), cis-9-octadecenoic acid (oleic acid), linoleic acid (LA, cis, cis-9,12-octadecadienoic acid) and a-linolenic acid (ALA, (9Z,12Z,15Z)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic acid) [149,202,203].…”

Section: Disruption Of Lipid Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fatty acid precursors such as ALA are converted to the more pro-inflammatory n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (omega-6-, x-6-PUFAs: C20H32O2, 20:4(x-6)), such as dihomo gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA), arachidonic acid (AA), docosatetranoic acid, (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)-7,10,13, 16docosatetraenoic acid (DTA) and osbond acid, (All-Z)-4,7,10,13,16-docosapentaenoic acid (BDPA), and through LA into the less inflammatory n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3-, x-3-PUFAs), such as eicosatetraenoic acid, all-cis-8,11,14,17-eicosatetraenoic acid (ETA), eicosapentaenoic acid, (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-eicosa-5,8,11,14,17pentenoic acid (EPA), docosapentaenoic acid, 7,10,13,16, 19-docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and docosahexaenoic acid, (4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z, 16Z,19Z)-docosa-4,7,10,13,16,19-hexaenoic acid (DHA). Key reaction in biosynthesis of PUFA is desaturation [203][204][205]. Enzymes transfer electrons from one molecule to another and desaturate the substrate by adding a double bond.…”

Section: Disruption Of Lipid Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synopsis: Special Issue on “Disruption of signaling homeostasis induced crosstalk in the carcinogenesis paradigmEpistemology of the origin of cancer”

Brücher

Jamall

2019

4open

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It is increasingly evident that carcinogenesis, in the vast majority of cancers, cannot be explained simply through an accumulation of somatic mutations, or epigenetics, the stem cell theory, or the Warburg effect. Here, decades of thinking based on incorrect assumptions has resulted in an incorrect hypothesis on the origin of cancer. Many papers studying DNA, genetics, RNA, miRNA, proteomics, and epigenetics have increased our understanding of biology. Our paradigm, though more complex, is more reliable and plausible. It states that cancer originates from a disruption of homeostasis. This essential biological phenomenon, homeostasis, maintains the interrelationships of various signaling pathways and induced crosstalk which modify cellular functions together with the interactions of surrounding cells and structures such that the equilibrium lies towards the optimal health of the organism. This Special Issue “Disruption of signaling homeostasis induced crosstalk in the carcinogenesis paradigm Epistemology of the origin of cancer” provides compelling evidence that carcinogenesis is explained by a six-step sequence of events for the vast majority of cancers. These six steps include, (1) a pathogenic stimulus followed by (2) chronic inflammation, from which develops (3) fibrosis with associated remodeling in the cellular microenvironment. From these changes a (4) pre-cancerous niche develops which triggers the deployment of (5) a chronic stress escape strategy, and when this fails to resolve, and (6) the transition of a normal cell to a cancer cell occurs. This paradigm provides opportunities to move away from a symptom-oriented understanding of cancer and is much closer to a cause-based understanding, which opens the door for early preventative strategies to mitigate cancer as a disease, and to interdict metastases. This is underpinned by the fact that an independent recently published proof of this paradigm showed how a stimulus trigger the proposed multi-sequence cascade of events as abrupt involution-induced chronic inflammation, followed by fibrosis with remodeling, which describes the pre-cancerous niche followed by hyperplasia, metaplasia, and cancer.

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Characterization of membrane-bound fatty acid desaturases

Cited by 9 publications

References 62 publications

Research Progress in Membrane Lipid Metabolism and Molecular Mechanism in Peanut Cold Tolerance

Research Progress in Membrane Lipid Metabolism and Molecular Mechanism in Peanut Cold Tolerance

FgFAD12 Regulates Vegetative Growth, Pathogenicity and Linoleic Acid Biosynthesis in Fusarium graminearum

Synopsis: Special Issue on “Disruption of signaling homeostasis induced crosstalk in the carcinogenesis paradigmEpistemology of the origin of cancer”

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