Characterization of MDR and XDR <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> in Canada, 2007–13

Golden, Alyssa; Rosenthal, Margot; Fultz, Ben; Nichol, Kim; Adam, Heather J.; Gilmour, Matthew W.; Baxter, Melanie; Hoban, Daryl J.; Karlowsky, James A.; Zhanel, George G.

doi:10.1093/jac/dkv107

Cited by 64 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Besides vaccine use, clonal success of CC320 and other serotype 19A clones is attributed to antibiotic selective pressure [17]. Indeed, in the present study we observed that all CC320 isolates had an MDR phenotype with high β-lactam MICs, which is in agreement with previous studies [6,13,22]. However, in European Russia, CC320 has replaced another highly resistant clone, CC663.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Antimicrobial resistance, penicillin-binding protein sequences, and pilus islet carriage in relation to clonal evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A in Russia, 2002–2013

et al. 2017

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SUMMARYClonal changes of serotype 19A pneumococci have been appreciated in conjunction with growing prevalence of this serotype after implementation of the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7). In the present study, we characterized serotype 19A pneumococci collected in Russia within a decade preceding the implementation of PCV vaccination and described their clonal evolution. We retrospectively analyzed non-invasive serotype 19A isolates collected in 2002-2013. All isolates were subjected to multilocus sequence typing, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, determination of macrolide resistance genotype, molecular detection of pilus islet (PI) carriage, sequencing of penicillin-binding protein (PBP) genes. A total of 49 serotype 19A isolates represented 25 sequence types, of which 14 were newly described. The majority of isolates were distributed among clonal complex (CC) 663 (28%), CC230 (25%), CC156, and CC320 (14% each). CC663 and CC156 dominated in 2003, but were replaced by CC230 and CC320 later on; CC320 was only evident starting 2010. All isolates of CC663 and CC156 carried PI1; CC320 possessed both PI1 and PI2. The overall rate of altered amino acids in penicillin-nonsusceptible isolates was 13·9%, 7·2%, and 8·7% for PBP1a, PBP2b, and PBP2x, respectively. Our findings demonstrate that the clonal structure of serotype 19A pneumococci may evolve without PCV pressure.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Antimicrobial resistance, penicillin-binding protein sequences, and pilus islet carriage in relation to clonal evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A in Russia, 2002–2013

et al. 2017

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“…Analysis of lefamulin results by infection type and by geographic region showed no a MDR and XDR status was based on nonsusceptibility to Ն3 and Ն5 classes, respectively, of the following antimicrobial agents, as described by Golden et al (30) and applying the following breakpoints: penicillin (MIC, Ն4 g/ml), ceftriaxone (MIC, Ն2 g/ml), erythromycin (MIC, Ն0.5 g/ml), clindamycin (MIC, Ն0.5 g/ml), levofloxacin (MIC, Ն4 g/ml), tetracycline (MIC, Ն2 g/ml), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (MIC, Ն1 g/ml). MDR, multidrug resistant; XDR, extensive drug resistant.…”

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confidence: 99%

Antibacterial Activity of Lefamulin against Pathogens Most Commonly Causing Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia: SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (2015–2016)

Paukner

Gelone²,

Arends

et al. 2019

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Lefamulin, the first semisynthetic pleuromutilin antibacterial for intravenous and oral treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP), and comparators were evaluated for in vitro activity against a global collection of pathogens commonly causing CABP (n ϭ 8595) from the 2015 and 2016 SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program. Lefamulin was highly active against the pathogens Streptococcus pneumoniae, including multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant strains (MIC 50/90 for total and resistant subsets, 0.06/0.12 g/ml; 100% inhibited at Յ1 g/ml), Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA; both MIC 50/90 , 0.06/0.12 g/ml; 99.8% and 99.6% inhibited at Յ1 g/ml, respectively), Haemophilus influenzae (MIC 50/90 , 0.5/1 g/ml; 93.8% inhibited at Յ1 g/ml), and Moraxella catarrhalis (MIC 50/90 , 0.06/0.12 g/ml; 100% inhibited at Յ0.25 g/ml), and its activity was unaffected by resistance to other antibacterial classes.

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“…Broth microdilution test was used to measure the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) within a limited concentration range of ten antimicrobial agents (penicillin [ 33,34 For an isolate (SRP2368) that demonstrated resistance to LVX (MIC ‡8 mg/mL), susceptibility to fluoroquinolones (FQs) (LVX and ciprofloxacin [CIP]) was further analyzed by the standard broth microdilution method, and mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of DNA gyrase genes (gyrA and gyrB) and topoisomerase IV genes ( parC and parE) were analyzed as described previously. 35 Full-length nucleotide sequences of gyrA and parC genes were determined with PCR and direct sequencing.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing and Genetic Analysis Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Pneumococcal Surface Protein A Family and Genetic/Antimicrobial Resistance Traits of Non-Invasive Pneumococcal Isolates from Adults in Northern Japan

Kawaguchiya

Urushibara

Aung

et al. 2019

Microbial Drug Resistance

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Pneumococcal isolates from adult patients in northern Japan in 2016 were subjected to molecular investigation related to pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) and drug resistance determinants. Of the 51 isolates, serotype 3/ST180 was the most prevalent (17.6%), followed by 35B (ST2755/ST558) (11.8%) and 15A (ST63/ST7874/ ST13068/ST13785) (9.8%). Coverage of serotypes by 13-valent conjugate vaccine and 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine was 27.5% and 49%, respectively. All the isolates expressed PspA family 1 or 2 (51% and 49%, respectively). Each serotype was associated with either of the PspA families (e.g., serotype 3, PspA family 1; serotypes 35B and 15A, PspA family 2). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was found in 84.3% of the isolates. Minimum of one altered penicillin-binding protein gene was detected in 82.4% of isolates, indicating 25.5% non-susceptibility to penicillin. Serotypes 15A and 35B were predominant and demonstrated MDR. An isolate of serotype 15A/ST13785 (single-locus variant of ST242) was resistant to fluoroquinolones associated with double mutation in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA and parC. The present study indicates the spread of MDR pneumococci represented by isolates of serotypes 3, 15A, and 35B, and prevalence of both PspA family 1 and 2 in isolates obtained from adult patients.

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Characterization of MDR and XDR Streptococcus pneumoniae in Canada, 2007–13

Abstract: Though the rate of MDR S. pneumoniae has remained relatively stable since 2007, XDR strains have emerged in Canada. These strains are virulent, possess resistance determinants and are related to international clones.

Cited by 64 publications

References 17 publications

Antimicrobial resistance, penicillin-binding protein sequences, and pilus islet carriage in relation to clonal evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A in Russia, 2002–2013

Antimicrobial resistance, penicillin-binding protein sequences, and pilus islet carriage in relation to clonal evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A in Russia, 2002–2013

Antibacterial Activity of Lefamulin against Pathogens Most Commonly Causing Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia: SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (2015–2016)

Association Between Pneumococcal Surface Protein A Family and Genetic/Antimicrobial Resistance Traits of Non-Invasive Pneumococcal Isolates from Adults in Northern Japan

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