Characterization of M23C6 Carbides Precipitating at Grain Boundaries in 100Mn13 Steel

Xu, Zhenfeng; Ding, Zhe; Dong, Linnan; Liang, Bo

doi:10.1007/s11661-016-3656-7

Cited by 32 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Thermo‐mechanical treatment, which includes heat treatment and deformation, has been found to be effective for microstructural control and thus it helps in improving mechanical properties of 304 stainless steels, which cannot be hardened by conventional heat treatment processes. The probable reason for the higher strength and hardness of this steel can be attributed to the presence of dispersed precipitates, mainly M 23 C 6 types within the austenitic matrix of the steel . The presence of deformation twins and annealing twins also refine the austenite grains and improve the tensile strength by strain hardening of the steel .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of TMCP on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 304 Stainless Steel

Mallick¹,

Tewary²,

Ghosh³

et al. 2018

steel research int.

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The present study investigates the evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties of 304 stainless steel after thermo‐mechanical controlled processing (TMCP). Three different FRTs (finish rolling temperatures) have been adopted and the micro‐constituents are identified as austenite grains, stacking faults, annealing, and deformation twins. Fine austenite grains in the range of 1–30 μm are obtained at lower FRT (700 °C) whereas at higher FRT, coarse grains are formed. TEM and X‐ray analyses indicate the formation of M23C6 ((Cr, Fe)23C6) precipitates for higher FRT (900 °C). Specimen processed with 700 °C FRT results into 37% enhancement in UTS compared to the base metal which is attributed to fine partially recrystallized grain, extensive deformation twinning and high dislocation density. Maximum elongation (68%) is obtained due to the formation of strain‐free equiaxed grains (≈40 μm) at 900 °C FRT.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect of TMCP on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 304 Stainless Steel

Mallick¹,

Tewary²,

Ghosh³

et al. 2018

steel research int.

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“…At the general AGBs, the M 23 C 6 carbides nucleate in a cube-cube orientation relationship forming a coherent interface with one of the austenite grains which connect at the boundary [27,34]. In the second neighbouring grain, the carbide growth occurs incoherently deep into this grain [27,30,40]. Thus, precipitation at AGBs forms a smooth, flat, and coherent interface with one austenite grain and an irregular, wavy, and incoherent interface with the second grain [27,41].…”

Section: Phase Transformations During Iatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…M 23 C 6 carbides crystallise in the FCC structure. The ratio of their parameters and the austenite lattice parameters is 3:1 [27]. In austenitic stainless steels they nucleate predominantly at general austenite grain boundaries (AGBs) [28][29][30], at incoherent twin boundaries [29,31,32], but also intra-granularly on dislocations [28,33,34] or on the MX (M = Ti, V, Nb; X = C, N) precipitations [29,35,36].…”

Section: Phase Transformations During Iatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, they can be formed by rebuilding other types of carbides (e.g., M 3 C) [38] and can also be a product of the pearlitic transformation of austenite [39]. At the general AGBs, the M 23 C 6 carbides nucleate in a cube-cube orientation relationship forming a coherent interface with one of the austenite grains which connect at the boundary [27,34]. In the second neighbouring grain, the carbide growth occurs incoherently deep into this grain [27,30,40].…”

Section: Phase Transformations During Iatmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Intermediate Annealing Treatment on the Kinetics of Bainitic Transformation in X37CrMoV5-1 Steel

et al. 2021

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Intermediate annealing treatment (IAT) is a new process that accelerates the bainitic transformation in steels. This stimulation is crucial, especially in the prolonged production of nanobainitic steels. Among other recognised methods, it seems to be an effective and economical process. However, there are very few research works in this area. The objective of this study was to collate microstructural changes caused by IAT with differences in the kinetics of the subsequent bainitic transformation in the X37CrMoV5-1 tool steel. Differential dilatometry, LM and SEM microscopic observations, EDS and XRD analysis, and computer simulations were used to investigate the effect of IAT on the kinetics of bainitic transformation. The study has revealed that introducing an additional isothermal heating stage immediately after austenitising significantly affects the kinetics of bainitic transformation—it can accelerate or suppress it. The type and strength of the effect depends on the concentration, distribution, and morphology of the precipitations that occurred during IAT.

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“…High carbon high manganese steel possesses high wear resistance under strong impact load and is widely used in various fields . However, under the condition of non‐strong impact load, it shows low wear resistance due to its insufficient hardening.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The analysis for morphological evolution and crystallography of degenerate pearlite in 100Mn13 steel

Ding

Liang

et al. 2020

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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During approximate 773 K aging treatment of 100Mn13 steel, degenerate pearlite will occur and evolve into lamellar pearlite during growth process. The microstructures of degenerate pearlite and its evolutionary lamellar pearlite are observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that after 748 K, 773 K and 798 K aging, degenerate pearlites occur at grain boundary. At growth front of degenerate pearlite forming at 773 K and 798 K, pearlite presents a morphology of short lamellae of carbide and ferrite, indicating a trend of developing into lamellar pearlite. The higher the temperature is, the more obvious the trend is, and even a conventional lamellar pearlite has developed. However, there is no morphological evolution for degenerate pearlite forming at 748 K aging. Besides, the constituents of degenerate pearlite is identified as M23C6 and ferrite, and Kurdjumov‐Sachs orientation relationship exists between them, (011- )α//(1- 11- )M23C6, [111]α//[110]M23C6. This orientation relationship maintains in morphological evolution from degenerate pearlite to lamellar pearlite.

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Characterization of M23C6 Carbides Precipitating at Grain Boundaries in 100Mn13 Steel

Cited by 32 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of TMCP on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 304 Stainless Steel

Effect of TMCP on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 304 Stainless Steel

Influence of Intermediate Annealing Treatment on the Kinetics of Bainitic Transformation in X37CrMoV5-1 Steel

The analysis for morphological evolution and crystallography of degenerate pearlite in 100Mn13 steel

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