Characterization of lead-free gunshot residue analogs

Fambro, Lashaundra A.; Miller, Ethan T.; Vandenbos, Deidre D.; Dockery, Christopher R.

doi:10.1039/c6ay00725b

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…The method is relatively simple and can be considered almost nondestructive due to the small sample size required. In recent studies, LIBS was found to be very effective for glass and GSR analyses. ,,− A nonspectroscopic technique which provides elemental composition is LA-ICPMS, which was shown by Almirall and Trejos to be propitious for the analysis of various materials …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They concluded that, while LIBS was successful for pattern visualization, it should not be used as a replacement for SEM-EDX analysis. Fambro et al published two studies which investigated the potential for LIBS to be used for the analysis of GSR stemming from ammunition having lead-free composition. , They utilized LIBS in conjunction with SEM-EDX for both of these studies and emphasized the potential for LIBS to be used as a prescreening method before analysis using SEM-EDX. An example of the types of SEM-EDX maps used to correlate and compare with LIBS data in their 2017 study can be seen in Figure .…”

Section: Gunshot Residuementioning

confidence: 99%

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Toward Locard’s Exchange Principle: Recent Developments in Forensic Trace Evidence Analysis

et al. 2018

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Gunshot Residuementioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Locard’s Exchange Principle: Recent Developments in Forensic Trace Evidence Analysis

et al. 2018

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“…reports in Ref. [ 43 ] the application of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy to heavy-metal free GSR analysis by characterizing analogs of heavy-metal free GSR. They started from different material containing simulated primer compositions in order to mimic heavy-metal free primers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpol review of gunshot residue 2016–2019

Charles

Geusens

Vergalito

et al. 2020

Forensic Science International: Synergy

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“…A majority of standard ammunition utilizes the compounds lead styphnate as the initiator, barium nitrate as the oxidant, and antimony sulfide as the fuel, all contained within the primer 1,7–8 . Therefore, standard IGSR elements, such as lead (Pb), barium (Ba), and antimony (Sb), are generated and then used to identify GSR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel LIBS method for micro‐spatial chemical analysis of inorganic gunshot residues

Menking-Hoggatt

Arroyo²,

Curran

et al. 2019

Journal of Chemometrics

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This study developed a reliable laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) screening approach capable of detecting GSR in just a few minutes with minimal damage to the sample, high specificity, and sensitivity. Moreover, a novel micro‐sampling method was developed to gather three‐dimensional data of the simultaneous occurrence of IGSR markers from a discrete space. The method is capable of micro‐spatial chemical analysis from just two laser shots fired at an area of 100‐μm diameter. The performance of the micro‐spot method is compared with our previously published bulk‐line method. Superior accuracy, spatial information of IGSR distribution in the sample, and a less invasive sampling are some of the advantages of the newly proposed method. A benefit afforded by this approach is the use of the universal hand's collection method currently used by practitioners, while leaving over 99% of the stub left unaltered for further analysis. Machine learning algorithms were used for the classification of samples derived from shooters' hands versus nonshooters hands, based on their LIBS spectrochemical data. Four different approaches—critical threshold, logistic regression, naïve Bayes, and neural networks—were applied to examine the performance and accuracy of two different ablation patterns (micro‐spot and bulk‐line mode). A validation set of 326 samples originated from 51 nonshooters and 56 known shooters resulted in an overall accuracy between 87% and 100%, depending on the ablation pattern and the type of prediction model applied. The incorporation of this rapid screening and statistical decision‐making approach could offer more efficient case management in firearm‐related investigations.

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Characterization of lead-free gunshot residue analogs

Abstract: Spectrochemical analysis and microscopy were used to identify statistically significant analytical markers present in simulated lead-free gunshot residues.

Cited by 11 publications

References 13 publications

Toward Locard’s Exchange Principle: Recent Developments in Forensic Trace Evidence Analysis

Toward Locard’s Exchange Principle: Recent Developments in Forensic Trace Evidence Analysis

Interpol review of gunshot residue 2016–2019

Novel LIBS method for micro‐spatial chemical analysis of inorganic gunshot residues

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