Characterization of invasion plasmid antigen genes (ipaBCD) from Shigella flexneri.

Venkatesan, Malabi M.; Buysse, Jerry M.; Kopecko, Dennis J.

doi:10.1073/pnas.85.23.9317

Cited by 108 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The YscS homolog from Y. pseudotuberculosis is also involved in the export of Yop proteins (5). A distinct feature of these export pathways is that the virulence proteins selected for export lack cleavable signal peptide sequences (2,15,38,57). Similarly, a hallmark of the flagellar export pathway is that the axial proteins, which must be transported through the pore of the growing flagellum, lack cleavable signal sequences (20,34), whereas the ring proteins have potential cleavable signal peptides at their amino termini (12,18,19,20,26,29).…”

Section: Vol 177 1995mentioning

confidence: 99%

Caulobacter FliQ and FliR membrane proteins, required for flagellar biogenesis and cell division, belong to a family of virulence factor export proteins

Zhuang

Shapiro

1995

J Bacteriol

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Each Caulobacter crescentus cell division generates distinct progeny cells: a stalked cell which is competent for DNA replication, and a motile swarmer cell which initiates DNA replication only after it sheds its flagellum and differentiates into a stalked cell later in the cell cycle. Following the initiation of DNA replication, the flagellar transcriptional hierarchy is activated, culminating in the assembly of a single flagellum at the cell pole opposite that bearing the stalk. The biogenesis of the flagellum is a landmark in the establishment of asymmetry in the predivisional cell (Fig. 1).A large number of the flagellar structural and regulatory genes have been grouped into classes (Fig. 1) that form a regulatory hierarchy (7,9,11,43,62). We have preliminary evidence that the class I genes respond to cell cycle cues (44a). The class II flagellar genes are transcribed early in the cell cycle and are required for the transcription of genes in classes III and IV. Two class II genes, rpoN and flbD, encode a sigma factor ( 54 ) (6), and a transcriptional activator, FlbD (45, 60), respectively, which are required directly for the transcription of class III and class IV genes. Other class II genes encode proteins required for flagellar assembly and function (24, 45a, 65). The order of flagellar gene expression approximates the order of assembly of the gene products into the nascent structure (11,13,17,43,62). In C. crescentus, Salmonella typhimurium, and Escherichia coli, if flagellar assembly is aborted, transcription of the remaining flagellar genes is blocked, suggesting that the two processes are coupled (19,23,24,31).We reported previously that a nonmotile mutant with a deletion in the flaS locus not only diminished or abolished the transcription of class III and class IV genes but also exhibited a cell division defect (13). To understand the role of this class II flaS locus in the assembly of the flagellum and in cell divi- At each division, a predivisional cell gives rise to two different progeny, a stalked cell and a motile swarmer cell. As the cell cycle proceeds, the swarmer cell sheds its flagellum and assembles a stalk at the previously flagellated pole. The new stalked cell begins to divide, assembling a new flagellum at the pole opposite the stalk. The flagellar genes are expressed in an order that reflects their positions in the regulatory hierarchy and the order of assembly of their protein products into the flagellum (7,42). Arrows indicate positive regulation, such that transcription of each class of genes requires the expression of the gene products of the preceding class. Both rpoN and flbD encode transcription proteins (6, 45), whereas other class II genes appear to encode proteins involved in the assembly, structure, and function of the flagellum (24, 65).

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Section: Vol 177 1995mentioning

confidence: 99%

Caulobacter FliQ and FliR membrane proteins, required for flagellar biogenesis and cell division, belong to a family of virulence factor export proteins

Zhuang

Shapiro

1995

J Bacteriol

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“…The unique SmaI site of the multiple cloning cassette of pMMB66EH and the NdeI site of the ipgC gene (Baudry et al, 1988;Venkatesan et al, 1988;Sasakawa et al, 1989) of pSEB2 were used to construct a deletion within ipgC ( Figure IA). pSEB2 was digested with SmaI and NdeI and the NdeI site was blunt ended using T4 polymerase.…”

Section: Cloning Of the Ipgc And Ipab Genes Into Plasmid Pmmb66ehmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional conservation of the secretion and translocation machinery for virulence proteins of yersiniae, salmonellae and shigellae.

et al. 1995

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Virulent bacteria of the genera Yersinia, Shigella and Salmonella secrete a number of virulence determinants, Yops, Ipas and Sips respectively, by a type III secretion pathway. The IpaB protein of Shigella flexneri was expressed in Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and found to be secreted under the same conditions required for Yop secretion. Likewise, YopE was secreted by the wild‐type strain LT2 of Salmonella typhimurium, but YopE was not secreted by the isogenic invA mutant. Secretion of both IpaB and YopE required their respective chaperones, IpgC and YerA. In addition, yopE‐containing S. typhimurium expressed a YopE‐mediated cytotoxicity on cultured HeLa cells. YopE was detected in the cytosol of the infected HeLa cells and the amount of translocated YopE correlated with the degree of cytotoxicity. Both translocation and cytotoxicity were prevented by the addition of gentamicin. Treatment of HeLa cells with cytochalasin D prior to infection prevented internalization of bacteria, but translocation of YopE was still observed. These results favour the hypothesis that YopE is translocated through the plasma membrane by surface‐located bacteria. We propose that virulent Salmonella and Shigella deliver virulence effector molecules into the target cell through the utilization of a functionally conserved secretion/translocation machinery similar to that shown for Yersinia.

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“…Both the mxi and spa genes code for the secretion apparatus to release the Ipa proteins (8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Through transposon insertion and deletion mutagenesis, it has been demonstrated that the ipaB, ipaC and ipaD genes belong to the same transcriptional unit and are essential for bacterial entry into epithelial cells via directed phagocytosis (12)(13)(14)(15). Expression of the ipaBCD genes is positively regulated by virF and invE (virB) genes on the invasion plasmid (16,17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cri Locus Increasing the Expression of ipaB at Transcriptional Level The ipaBCD genes are transcribed mainly as one transcriptional unit (13,31). In order to find whether cri increases the expression of ipa genes at the transcriptional level, we performed Northern blot analysis of total RNAs prepared from E. coli K-12 MC 1061 carrying pJK1142 alone or MC 1061 carrying pJK1142 plus pQ446 (en).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

IDENTIFICATION OF A SHIGELLA FLEXNERI criR GENE INCREASING ipa GENES EXPRESSION: A NOVEL MEMBER OF RESPONSE REGULATORS OF THE TWO-COMPONENT SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION FAMILY

Yasuda

Watanabe

1996

JJMSB

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Characterization of invasion plasmid antigen genes (ipaBCD) from Shigella flexneri.

Cited by 108 publications

References 29 publications

Caulobacter FliQ and FliR membrane proteins, required for flagellar biogenesis and cell division, belong to a family of virulence factor export proteins

Caulobacter FliQ and FliR membrane proteins, required for flagellar biogenesis and cell division, belong to a family of virulence factor export proteins

Functional conservation of the secretion and translocation machinery for virulence proteins of yersiniae, salmonellae and shigellae.

IDENTIFICATION OF A SHIGELLA FLEXNERI criR GENE INCREASING ipa GENES EXPRESSION: A NOVEL MEMBER OF RESPONSE REGULATORS OF THE TWO-COMPONENT SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION FAMILY

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