Characterization of immune checkpoints expression and lymphocyte densities of Iranian breast cancer patients; the co-expression status and clinicopathological associates
Abstract:Background
Breast malignancies are now the most common and deadliest type of neoplasms among women worldwide. Novel therapeutic approaches are needed to combat advanced stages of breast cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression and co-expression status of three immune checkpoints (PD-1, PD-L1, and LAG-3), as well as tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) scores, and to further establish their potential correlations with clinicopathologic features.
Methods
We performed a retrospective study … Show more
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