Characterization of <i>ylbF</i>, a new gene involved in competence development and sporulation in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>

Tortosa, Pablo; Albano, Mark; Dubnau, David

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01779.x

Cited by 32 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Notably, the clpP gene is located upstream of two ORFs, with homologies to the products encoded by ylbF and ylbG of B. subtilis. In B. subtilis, disruption of ylbF leads to a dramatic decrease in the expression of comK (37). There was no evidence of a comK homologue in the S. mutans databases, and a nonpolar clpP mutant strain also showed reduced competence (data not shown).…”

Section: Vol 184 2002 S Mutans Clp Genes 6363mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Upstream from clpP and separated by 535 bp, an ORF that coded for a protein that shares 93% identity with an S. salivarius uracil phosphoribosyltransferase (upp) was identified ( and in competence development by increasing the stability or synthesis of the competence factor ComK at the posttranscriptional level (37).…”

Section: Vol 184 2002 S Mutans Clp Genes 6359mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation and Physiological Significance of ClpC and ClpP in Streptococcus mutans

2002

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Tolerance of environmental stress, especially low pH, by Streptococcus mutans is central to the virulence of this organism. The Clp ATPases are implicated in the tolerance of, and regulation of the response to, stresses by virtue of their protein reactivation and remodeling activities and their capacity to target misfolded proteins for degradation by the ClpP peptidase. The purpose of this study was to dissect the role of selected clp genes in the stress responses of S. mutans, with a particular focus on acid tolerance and adaptation. Homologues of the clpB, clpC, clpE, clpL, clpX, and clpP genes were identified in the S. mutans genome. The expression of clpC and clpP, which were chosen as the focus of this study, was induced at low pH and at growth above 40°C. Inactivation of ctsR, the first of two genes in the clpC operon, demonstrated that CtsR acts as a repressor of clp and groES-EL gene expression. Strains lacking ClpP, but not strains lacking ClpC, were impaired in their ability to grow under stress-inducing conditions, formed long chains, aggregated in culture, had reduced genetic transformation efficiencies, and had a reduced capacity to form biofilms. Comparison of two-dimensional protein gels from wild-type cells and the ctsR and clpP mutants revealed many changes in the protein expression patterns. In particular, in the clpP mutant, there was an increased production of GroESL and DnaK, suggesting that cells were stressed, probably due to the accumulation of denatured proteins.

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Section: Vol 184 2002 S Mutans Clp Genes 6363mentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Vol 184 2002 S Mutans Clp Genes 6359mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation and Physiological Significance of ClpC and ClpP in Streptococcus mutans

2002

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“…Two other gene products, YlbF and YmcA, have been implicated in SinI activity [21]. Because YlbF has been proposed to act as a modulator of protein stability in the competence pathway [31] it is believed that these two proteins act similarly with SinI.…”

Section: Genes Involved In Colony Morphogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Thinking about Bacillus subtilis as a multicellular organism

Aguilar

Vlamakis

Losick

et al. 2007

Current Opinion in Microbiology

202

180

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SummaryInitial attempts to use colony morphogenesis as a tool to investigate bacterial multicellularity were limited by the fact that laboratory strains often have lost many of their developmental properties. Recent advances in elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying colony morphogenesis have been made possible through the use of undomesticated strains. In particular, Bacillus subtilis has proven to be a remarkable model system to study colony morphogenesis because of it wellcharacterized developmental features. Genetic screens that analyze mutants defective in colony morphology have led to the discovery of an intricate regulatory network that controls the production of an extracellular matrix. This matrix is essential for the development of complex colony architecture characterized by aerial projections that serve as preferential sites for sporulation. While much progress has been made, the challenge for future studies will be to determine the underlying mechanisms that regulate development such that differentiation occurs in a spatially and temporally organized manner.

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“…Analysis of the region downstream of the clpP stop codon revealed two open reading frames, SMU.1671 and SMU.1670, that show homology with the B. subtilis ylbF and ylbG genes, respectively (35% and 43% identities, respectively). These two genes are induced during cold shock response (27) and are involved in sporulation and competence development (55). The intergenic region between clpP and SMU.1671, which is 115 bp long, encodes a putative -independent terminator located between bp 85 and 109 that was identified by the FindTerm program (Softberry, Inc.).…”

Section: Analysis Of the Clpp Locusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcription of clpP Is Enhanced by a Unique Tandem Repeat Sequence in Streptococcus mutans

2009

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Streptococcus mutans, the primary causative agent of human dental caries, contains a single copy of the gene encoding ClpP, the chief intracellular protease responsible for tolerance to various environmental stresses. To better understand the role of ClpP in stress response, we investigated the regulation of clpP expression in S. mutans. Using semiquantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis, we observed that, under nonstressed conditions, clpP expression is somewhat constant throughout the growth phases, although it gradually decreases as cells enter the late stationary phase. The half-life of the clpP transcript was found to be less than 1 minute. Sequence analysis of the clpP locus reveals the presence of a 50-bp tandem repeat sequence located immediately upstream of the clpP promoter (PclpP). PCR and DNA sequence analyses suggest that the number of tandem repeat units can vary from as few as two to as many as nine, depending on the particular S. mutans isolate. Further analysis, using a transcriptional reporter fusion consisting of PclpP fused to a promoterless gusA gene, indicates that the presence of the repeat sequence region within PclpP results in an approximately fivefold increase in expression from PclpP compared to the repeat-free transcriptional reporter fusion. CtsR, a transcriptional repressor that negatively regulates clpP expression, has no effect on this repeat-mediated induction of clpP transcription. Furthermore, the repeat sequence is not necessary for the induction of clpP under stress conditions. Database searches indicate that the region containing the tandem repeats is absent in the clpP loci in other bacteria, including other closely related Streptococcus spp., suggesting that the repeat sequences are specific for the induction of clpP expression in S. mutans. We speculate that a host-specific transcriptional activator might be involved in the upregulation of clpP expression in S. mutans.

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Characterization of ylbF, a new gene involved in competence development and sporulation in Bacillus subtilis

Cited by 32 publications

References 36 publications

Regulation and Physiological Significance of ClpC and ClpP in Streptococcus mutans

Regulation and Physiological Significance of ClpC and ClpP in Streptococcus mutans

Thinking about Bacillus subtilis as a multicellular organism

Transcription of clpP Is Enhanced by a Unique Tandem Repeat Sequence in Streptococcus mutans

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