Characterization of<i><scp>C</scp>orynelia uberata</i><scp>F</scp>r., a putative fungal pathogen of<i><scp>P</scp>odocarpus falcatus</i>in<scp>E</scp>thiopian forests

Assefa, Addisu; Abate, Dawit; Stenlid, Jan

doi:10.1111/efp.12067

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…Also, if mating patterns are mainly local and offspring therefore potentially inbred, seed dispersal may have a limited genetic rescue effect and therefore it remains unclear if birds reduce functional forest isolation at all. Overall, the evolutionary potential of the woody species in the church forests can be expected to be low, jeopardizing adaptation of the populations to emerging pests and diseases such as outbreaks of Corynelia, a fungal pathogen of Afrocarpus falcatus (Assefa et al 2014), or to changing environmental conditions such as climate change…”

Section: Field Survey Data Reveal High Floristic Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation of the Ethiopian church forests: Threats, opportunities and implications for their management

Aerts

Overtveld

November

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

115

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In the central and northern highlands of Ethiopia, native forest and forest biodiversity is almost confined to sacred groves associated with churches. Local communities rely on these 'church forests' for essential ecosystem services including shade and fresh water but little is known about their region-wide distribution and conservation value. We (1) performed the first large-scale spatially-explicit assessment of church forests, combining remote-sensing and field data, to assess the number of forests, their size, shape, isolation and woody plant species composition, (2) determined their plant communities and related these to environmental variables and potential natural vegetation, (3) identified the main challenges to biodiversity conservation in view of plant population dynamics and anthropogenic disturbances, and (4) present guidelines for management and policy. The 394 forests identified in satellite images were on average ~2 ha in size and generally separated by ~2 km from the nearest neighboring forest. Shape complexity, not size, decreased from the northern to the central highlands. Overall, 148 indigenous tree, shrub and liana species were recorded across the 78 surveyed forests. Patch α-diversity increased with mean annual precipitation, but typically only 25 woody species occurred per patch. The combined results showed that >50% of tree species present in tropical northeast Africa were still present in the 78 studied church forests, even though individual forests were small and relatively species-poor. Tree species composition of church forests varied with elevation and precipitation, and resembled the potential natural vegetation. With a wide distribution over the landscape, these church forests have high conservation value. However, long-term conservation of biodiversity of individual patches and evolutionary potential of species may be threatened by isolation, small sizes of tree species populations and disturbance, especially when considering climate change. Forest management interventions are essential and should be supported by environmental education and other forms of public engagement.

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Section: Field Survey Data Reveal High Floristic Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation of the Ethiopian church forests: Threats, opportunities and implications for their management

Aerts

Overtveld

November

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

115

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“…An infected podo tree is a tree bearing visible fruiting bodies of C. uberata . Corynelia uberata was identified based on descriptions in earlier studies (Fitzpatrick, ; Benny et al ., ; Johnston & Minter, ; Minter, ; Assefa et al ., ). The climate description, altitude ranges and geographic locations of the study sites are indicated in Table .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The morphological and molecular identity of C. uberata in Ethiopia and related species elsewhere were recently described by Assefa et al . ().…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Corynelia spp., including C. uberata , can cause disease of leaves, cones and young stems of Podocarpus spp. (Fitzpatrick, ; Benny et al ., ; Minter, ; Assefa et al ., ). It has been suggested that infection of podo fruit by C. uberata may challenge the regeneration of the tree from seed (Assefa et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…(Fitzpatrick, ; Benny et al ., ; Minter, ; Assefa et al ., ). It has been suggested that infection of podo fruit by C. uberata may challenge the regeneration of the tree from seed (Assefa et al ., ). Damage to P. falcatus caused by C. uberata in Ethiopian forests has been documented, and artificial propagation of P. falcatus from plant parts other than seeds has been initiated (Negash, , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Corynelia uberata as a threat to regeneration of Podocarpus falcatus in Ethiopian forests: spatial pattern and temporal progress of the disease and germination studies

2014

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The order Coryneliales includes several fungi such as Corynelia spp. that are pathogenic to trees in the Podocarpaceae. The aim of this study was to assess the spatial pattern and temporal progress of disease caused by Corynelia uberata on Podocarpus falcatus in Ethiopian forests and to evaluate the germination potential of seed retrieved from fruit infected by C. uberata. Corynelia uberata was found on leaves, young stems and/or on fruit of P. falcatus in Ethiopian forests. Spatial analysis in the Adaba-Dodola forest showed that disease intensity of C. uberata was significantly higher in non-'WAJIB' blocks (disturbed forest) than 'WAJIB' blocks (sustainably managed forest) (P < 0Á0001). In the temporal disease progress study, a significantly higher incidence and severity of disease on fruit was recorded during the wet season relative to dry season (P < 0Á0001). The green milk stage of fruit exhibited significantly higher mean incidence (P < 0Á0001) and severity (P < 0Á0001) of disease compared to other growth stages of fruit. The disease incidence and severity in general, as well as on different fruit growth stages, were highly correlated (P < 0Á0001, R 2 ≥ 0Á95). Germination rate of seed decreased significantly with an increase in the level of fruit infection by C. uberata (P < 0Á0001). Thus, C. uberata can apparently influence germination of seed and may pose a threat to the regeneration of P. falcatus from seeds in Ethiopian forests.

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Three new species of Pewenomyces (Coryneliaceae) from Araucaria araucana in Chile

et al. 2022

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The Coryneliaceae is a relatively small family of mainly pathogenic fungi occurring on a diversity of hosts with a wide global distribution. Members of the family are recognized by their black, upright and elongated ascomata. Historically, the taxonomy of this group was mainly based on morphological characters, but in more recent years DNA sequence data have resulted in new revisions. The genus Pewenomyces was recently described based on P. kutranfy, a canker pathogen on Araucaria araucana in Chile. Morphologically, this fungus resembles species in Caliciopsis and Hypsotheca. During the study in which Pewenomyces was described, three putative species were identified from the same host, two of which were observed only from cultures obtained by isolating from plant tissues. At the time of describing P. kutranfy, there was uncertainty regarding its novelty because two species of Caliciopsis (C. brevipes and C. cochlearis), a closely related genus in the Coryneliaceae, had previously also been described from the same host and location, but for which DNA sequence data were not available. In this study, phylogenetic analyses that were carried out for the three putative Pewenomyces species using sequences for seven gene regions, confirmed that they were distinct species.Herbarium specimens for the two Caliciopsis species were obtained for morphological comparisons and phylogenetic analyses. Although the holotypes for the two Caliciopsis species did not yield adequate DNA for a phylogenetic analysis, a detailed morphological study established that these species were clearly different from any of the Pewenomyces taxa. The three putative species are consequently described here as Pewenomyces lalenivora sp. nov., P. tapulicola sp. nov. and P. kalosus sp. nov.

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Characterization ofCorynelia uberataFr., a putative fungal pathogen ofPodocarpus falcatusinEthiopian forests

Cited by 6 publications

References 48 publications

Conservation of the Ethiopian church forests: Threats, opportunities and implications for their management

Conservation of the Ethiopian church forests: Threats, opportunities and implications for their management

Corynelia uberata as a threat to regeneration of Podocarpus falcatus in Ethiopian forests: spatial pattern and temporal progress of the disease and germination studies

Three new species of Pewenomyces (Coryneliaceae) from Araucaria araucana in Chile

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