Characterization of sal (A), a Novel Gene Responsible for Lincosamide and Streptogramin A Resistance in Staphylococcus sciuri

Abstract

c Natural resistance to lincosamides and streptogramins A (LS A ), which is a species characteristic of Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis, has never been documented in the Staphylococcus genus. We investigate here the molecular basis of the LS A phenotype exhibited by seven reference strains of Staphylococcus sciuri, including the type strains of the three described subspecies. By whole-genome sequencing of strain ATCC 29059, we identified a candidate gene that encodes an ATP-binding cassette protein similar to the Lsa and VmlR resistance determinants. Isolation and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) expression studies confirmed that Sal(A) can confer a moderate resistance to lincosamides (8 times the MIC of lincomycin) and a high-level resistance to streptogramins A (64 times the MIC of pristinamycin II). The chromosomal location of sal(A) between two housekeeping genes of the staphylococcal core genome supports the gene's ancient origins and thus innate resistance to these antimicrobials within S. sciuri subspecies.

ABCF ATPases involved in protein synthesis, ribosome assembly and antibiotic resistance: structural and functional diversification across the tree of life

“…Thus eEF1A binding may be a common feature of eEF3, New1, and also eEF3L, which 14 commonly includes an eEF3-like C-terminal extension(table S2). 1516 While eEF3 was thought to be fungi-specific (Belfield and Tuite 1993), we show eEF3-like (eEF3L) 17 factors are found in a range of eukaryotes including choanoflagellates, haptophytes, heterokonts, 18…”

“…hosted at the ExPASy Bioinformatics Research Portal(Lupas, et al 1991) 16. descriptions of plasmid construction, cell growth,35 S-methionine pulse labeling, polysome 19 profiling and Western blotting, see Supplementary Methods.…”

Novel Plasmid-Borne Multidrug Resistance Gene Cluster Including lsa (E) from a Linezolid-Resistant Enterococcus faecium Isolate of Swine Origin

“…The corresponding genes are (6,7), lsa(A) (8), lsa(C) (9), and lsa(E) (10). In contrast to the aforementioned genes, the gene lsa(B) confers only elevated MICs to lincosamides which, however, are below the clinical breakpoints for resistance (11).…”

Low Prevalence of Gram-Positive Isolates Showing Elevated Lefamulin MIC Results during the SENTRY Surveillance Program for 2015–2016 and Characterization of Resistance Mechanisms

“…Two S. sciuri isolates showed lefamulin MICs of 16 to 32 g/ml and did not carry any acquired resistance genes associated with the pleuromutilin phenotype. However, the sal(A) gene was detected in both isolates, and this gene was previously determined to be ubiquitous in this species and to cause decreased susceptibility to pleuromutilins and other agents (15,23,24). In addition, this gene has been detected in several staphylococcal species other than S. sciuri from animal and human origins, indicating that it has been mobilized to other bacterial species (15).…”