Characterization of
            <i>Methanobacterium mobilis</i>
            , sp. n., Isolated from the Bovine Rumen

Paynter, M. J. B.; Hungate, R. E.

doi:10.1128/jb.95.5.1943-1951.1968

Cited by 163 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…Frequently these are species of the Methanobrevibacter genus (Smith and Hungate 1958;Miller 1995;Lin et al 1997;Sharp et al 1998;Skillman et al 2004;Wright et al 2004). Methanogens belonging to the family Methanomicrobiaceae have been found in cattle (Paynter and Hungate 1968;Jarvis et al 2000;Tajima et al 2001;Shin et al 2004) and methanogens belonging to the family Methanosarcinaceae have been found in goats (Beijer 1952) and cattle (Patterson and Hespell 1979;Jarvis et al 2000;Whitford et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

16S rDNA directed PCR primers and detection of methanogens in the bovine rumen

Skillman¹,

Evans²,

Strömpl³

et al. 2006

Lett Appl Microbiol

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Aims: To assess the diversity of ruminal methanogens in a grazing cow, and develop PCR primers targeting the predominant methanogens. Methods and Results: DNA was extracted from rumen contents collected from a cow grazing pasture. Archaeal 16S rRNA genes were amplified by PCR using two pairs of archaea‐specific primers, and clone libraries prepared. Selected clones were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that for one primer pair, most sequences clustered with Methanobrevibacter spp. whereas with the other primer pair most clustered with Methanosphaera stadtmanae. One sequence belonged to the Crenarcheota. PCR primers were designed to detect Msp. stadtmanae and differentiate between Mbb. ruminantium and Mbb. smithii and successfully tested. Conclusions: The ruminal methanogens included Mbb. ruminantium, Mbb. smithii, Mbb. thaueri and methanogens similar to Msp.stadtmanae. The study showed that apparent methanogen diversity can be affected by selectivity from the archaea‐specific primers used to create clone libraries. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study revealed a greater diversity of ruminal methanogens in grazing cows than previously recognized. It also shows the need for care in interpreting methanogen diversity using PCR‐based analyses. The new PCR primers will enable more information to be obtained on Msp. stadtmanae and Methanobrevibacter spp. in the rumen.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

16S rDNA directed PCR primers and detection of methanogens in the bovine rumen

Skillman¹,

Evans²,

Strömpl³

et al. 2006

Lett Appl Microbiol

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“…Then, 0.5-1.0 ml of the resulting cell suspension were transferred into a HUNGATE tube which was sealed with a screw cap fit with a septum. The gas (0,) liberated due to the activity of catalase was measured using HUNGATE'S syringe technique (PAYNTER and HUNGATE 1968). To collect liberated oxygen a needle of a glass syringe (5 ml) was inserted in the septum.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Gramoxone and paraquat on growth and respiration of Azotobacter vinelandii

Gadkari

1987

J. Basic Microbiol.

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The influence of the herbicide Gramoxone and its active ingredient paraquat on growth and respiratory activity of Azotobacter vinelandii was studied. The experiments were performed in nitrogen-free medium and in medium with combined nitrogen. Addition of Gramoxone (50 ppm) or paraquat (15 ppm) to the cultures during lag phase caused a total inhibition of growth. However, even after 24 h of incubation in the presence of herbicides the number of viable counts did not decrease. When herbicides were added to exponentially growing cultures, the growth response of the cultures was different. After addition of herbicides only a transient short inhibition period was noted and the length of the inhibition period was dependent on the time of herbicide addition. Neither Gramoxone (50 ppm) nor paraquat (15 ppm) enhanced catalase production. The respiratory activity of paraquat-treated cells in the presence of 1 mM KCN was distinctly reduced (75%), while that of untreated cells did not change.The herbicide Gramoxone is widely used for a variety of crops. Its active ingredient is paraquat (methyl viologen), an aromatic quaternary nitrogen compound. Because of its redox potential paraquat interferes with the respiratory chain (electron transport) and produces superoxide radicals in the presence of oxygen (HASSAN FRIDOVICH 1986). Several strains of rhizobia and agrobacteria are known to tolerate paraquat from 20 to 200ppm and 500 to lOOOppm, respectively (ROSLYCKY 1985). I n the presence of 1 mM paraquat, paraquat-tolerant cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae developed at normal growth rate (HANSSON and HAGGSTROM 1986).As there is only limited information about the influence of paraquat on N,-fixing free-living microorganisms (SZEGI et al. 1974, JAGNOW et al. 1979, the effects of Gramoxone and paraquat on growth and respiration of Azotobacter vilaelandii were studied. Materials and methodsOrganism: Azotobacter vinelandii (DSM No. 87) was obtained from the German Collection of Microorganisms. The stock culture was maintained on nitrogen-free medium.Conditions of cell cultivation : Cultures were grown either in nitrogen-free medium (NF-medium) or in nutrient broth glucose medium (NBG-medium). NF-medium was prepared as previously described (GADKARI 1987). NBG-medium was composed of nutrient broth (MERCK, No. 5443), 8.0 g; glucose, 10.0 g; tap water, 1000 ml. The pH of both media was adjusted to 6.8. For batch 31 J.

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“…6 (Zehnder and Wuhrmann, 1977). The growth pH range is 5.9-7.7 for M. mobilk (Paynter and Hungate, 1968), 6.4-8.6 for M . arbophilicum (Zeikus and Henning, 1975) and 6-8.8 for M. thermoautotrophicum (Zeikus and Wolfe, 1972).…”

Section: Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concepts on the Generation and Accumulation of Biogenic Gas

Gang¹,

Jiang²

1985

Journal of Petroleum Geology

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To help in the search for biogenic gas, parameters affecting its spatial and temporal distribution are delineated here on the basis of recent developments in microbiology and geochemistry. Methane is produced and dissipated at high rates in uppermost sediments. The key to its accumulation lies in the presence of factors which inhibit the metabolism of bacterial methanogens near the surface, and leave them to flourish at greater burial depths. Favourable controlling factors are as follows: a plentiful nutrient supply (mainly carbohydrates), a high SO‐4 content in the bottom water; a post‐oxic sedimentary environment; frequent transgressions and regressions; low temperatures; high pH values; and high depositional rates and pressures. In the course of geological history, biogenic gas could be formed whenever transgressions and regressions have occurred frequently due either to tectonics or Ice Ages; when broad coastal plains were supplied with terrigenous non‐lignin carbohydrates by vast river networks; and when cool climates persisted. Accumulations can be grouped into three major genetical types, i. e. West Siberian (coastal marine facies); Black Sea (transitional marine‐lacustrine facies of restricted basins); and Qaidam (inland brackish lacustrine facies). Some case‐ histories from China and additional information from West Siberia are presented. It seems that many biogenic gasfielh remain undiscovered, and exploration prospects are good.

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Characterization of Methanobacterium mobilis , sp. n., Isolated from the Bovine Rumen

Cited by 163 publications

References 10 publications

16S rDNA directed PCR primers and detection of methanogens in the bovine rumen

16S rDNA directed PCR primers and detection of methanogens in the bovine rumen

Influence of Gramoxone and paraquat on growth and respiration of Azotobacter vinelandii

Concepts on the Generation and Accumulation of Biogenic Gas

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