Characterization of FLC, SOC1 and FT homologs in Eustoma grandiflorum: effects of vernalization and post‐vernalization conditions on flowering and gene expression

Nakano, Yuzo; Kawashima, Hiroki; Kinoshita, Takafumi; Yoshikawa, Hiroaki; Hashizume, Tamotsu

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.2011.01447.x

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore, although FLC/MAF -like genes are found in other core eudicots, gene expression tends to be positively rather than negatively regulated by cold. This is the case for Arabidopsis MAF5 , the Texas bluebell ( Eustoma grandiflorum , Gentianaceae) EgFLCL , and trifoliate orange ( Poncirus trifoliate , Rutaceae) PtFLC (Zhang et al, 2009; Nakano et al, 2011). In A. thaliana , natural variation in vernalization responsiveness has been linked to variation in the promoter, first exon, and first intron of FLC , and within the positive regulator of FLC , FRIGIDA ( FRI ; Michaels and Amasino, 1999, 2001; El-Din El-Assal et al, 2001; Werner et al, 2005; Balasubramanian et al, 2006; Angel et al, 2011; Bond et al, 2011; Coustham et al, 2012; Wollenberg and Amasino, 2012).…”

Section: Vernalization Responsivenessmentioning

confidence: 92%

Adaptation to seasonality and the winter freeze

Preston¹,

Sandve²

2013

Front. Plant Sci.

123

136

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Flowering plants initially diversified during the Mesozoic era at least 140 million years ago in regions of the world where temperate seasonal environments were not encountered. Since then several cooling events resulted in the contraction of warm and wet environments and the establishment of novel temperate zones in both hemispheres. In response, less than half of modern angiosperm families have members that evolved specific adaptations to cold seasonal climates, including cold acclimation, freezing tolerance, endodormancy, and vernalization responsiveness. Despite compelling evidence for multiple independent origins, the level of genetic constraint on the evolution of adaptations to seasonal cold is not well understood. However, the recent increase in molecular genetic studies examining the response of model and crop species to seasonal cold offers new insight into the evolutionary lability of these traits. This insight has major implications for our understanding of complex trait evolution, and the potential role of local adaptation in response to past and future climate change. In this review, we discuss the biochemical, morphological, and developmental basis of adaptations to seasonal cold, and synthesize recent literature on the genetic basis of these traits in a phylogenomic context. We find evidence for multiple genetic links between distinct physiological responses to cold, possibly reinforcing the coordinated expression of these traits. Furthermore, repeated recruitment of the same or similar ancestral pathways suggests that land plants might be somewhat pre-adapted to dealing with temperature stress, perhaps making inducible cold traits relatively easy to evolve.

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Section: Vernalization Responsivenessmentioning

confidence: 92%

Adaptation to seasonality and the winter freeze

Preston¹,

Sandve²

2013

Front. Plant Sci.

123

136

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“…A 903 bp fragment of the GUS gene (AAC53706) was amplified with a primer set (5'-CGATGCGGTCACTCATTACG-3' and 5'-CTGTAAGTGCGCTTGCTGAG-3'). ACTIN gene was amplified as described previously (Nakano et al 2011), as a positive control of DNA extraction.…”

Section: Genomic Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there are some problems, such as heat-induced rosetting (Ohkawa et al 1991), reduced rate of flowering under low temperature (Nakano et al 2011), and flower bud necrosis under low light intensity (Ushio and Fukuta 2010), which reduce the productivity of Eustoma. To study the growth and flowering habits of Eustoma by introducing a gene of interest, it is important to develop an efficient transformation method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Acetosyringone on Agrobacterium-mediated Transformation of Eustoma grandiflorum Leaf Disks

Nakano

2017

JARQ

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Eustoma grandiflorum is a popular ornamental flower worldwide. The production of transgenic Eustoma is expected to help in the study and modification of its traits, such as growth, flowering time, flower color, and flower shape. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of leaf disks is a frequently used method of plant transformation. To improve the transformation efficiency of Eustoma, I focused on two steps: the inoculation of Agrobacterium into the leaf disks, and subsequent cocultivation. The effect of detergent in the inoculation buffer was tested. Given its marginal effect on the viability of the disks, Tween 20 was determined to be a better candidate for use in the buffer. Acetosyringone is known to improve transformation efficiency by up-regulating the virulence of Agrobacterium. In previous studies using Eustoma, the effect of this compound has only been tested during inoculation. However, I studied the effect of acetosyringone by adding it to the inoculation as well as the co-cultivation medium. When added to the co-cultivation medium, acetosyringone significantly increased the number of transformed calli harboring a marker transgene. More than 0.7 callus per leaf disk was obtained by adding acetosyringone, whereas less than 0.03 callus per disks were obtained in its absence. Thus, the mediated incorporation of a transgene into the Eustoma genome can be intensified by the addition of acetosyringone to the co-cultivation medium.

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“…In addition, GhSOC1-overexpressing transgenic cotton plants were dwarfed and exhibited many more petal layers than did normal control flower buds. Overexpression of some SOC1-like genes in Arabidopsis always lead to early flowering and abnormal organ development, whereas overexpression of other genes represses flowering and disturbs the development of floral organs [59][60][61]. The expression patterns observed for flowering-related genes of Arabidopsis and upland cotton demonstrated that GhSOC1 could promote flowering and alter floral organs by up-regulating the expression of FT, SOC1 and AP1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%