Characterization of<i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>isolated from the cloaca of ‘fancy breeds’ and confined chickens

Jørgensen, Stine; Poulsen, Louise K.; Thorndal, L.; Ronaghinia, Amir Atabak; Bisgaard, Magne

doi:10.1111/jam.13416

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Regarding the aminoglycosides, higher rates of HLGR and HLSR were observed among the E. faecalis strains isolated from animals (25.0% and 50.0%) and sewage (22.6% and 35.5%), while all those from food were susceptible to these drugs, similar to reports from Camargo et al (2014) and Jørgensen et al (2017). Otherwise, Gomes et al (2008) reported a relatively high rate (22%) of HLGR in food isolates, similar to that reported in other studies (Abriouel et al, 2008;Riboldi et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Penicillin‐resistant, ampicillin‐susceptible Enterococcus faecalis isolates are uncommon in non‐clinical sources

Correa

Zanella

Cassiolato

et al. 2022

Environ Microbiol Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study aimed to investigate whether penicillinresistant, ampicillin-susceptible E. faecalis (PRASEF) isolates are disseminated in non-clinical sources, and to compare the molecular characteristics and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profile of clinical and non-clinical E. faecalis isolates. Non-clinical samples (n = 280) were collected and 101 E. faecalis isolates were recovered from food (n = 18), faeces of healthy animals (n = 24), water (n = 28) and sewage (n = 31). PRASEF (n = 68) and penicillin-susceptible, ampicillin-susceptible E. faecalis (n = 77) isolates of clinical origin were also evaluated. A significant variety of AMR profiles was observed among non-clinical isolates according to the source. No food isolate exhibited a multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotype different from those of isolates from animal faeces (50.0%) and sewage (38.7%). Overall, the MDR phenotype was more frequent among clinical (56.6%) than non-clinical isolates (22.8%) (p < 0.01). Non-clinical PRASEF isolates (n = 3) were only recovered from hospital sewage. Note that representative clinical and non-clinical PRASEF isolates were grouped in pulsotype A, and belonged to CC9 (clonal complex). In conclusion, E. faecalis isolates exhibiting the unusual penicillin-resistant but ampicillin-susceptible phenotype appeared to be restricted to the hospital environment. Our findings highlight the ability of PRASEF isolates to survive in sewage, which could enable these hospital-adapted lineages to spread to new ecological niches.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Penicillin‐resistant, ampicillin‐susceptible Enterococcus faecalis isolates are uncommon in non‐clinical sources

Correa

Zanella

Cassiolato

et al. 2022

Environ Microbiol Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…5a,6c,d,f,i). This genus has been found in the cloaca of chickens (Jørgensen et al, 2017).Lactobacillus similarly was more common in the intestines than the cloacal, gizzard, blood, and buccal cavity (Figs. 5a,6c,f,i).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Six genera were more abundant in the intestines than in the cloaca: Balneimonas , Enterococcus ,Lactobacillus , Lactococcus , Psychrobacter , andRickettsiella (Figure 5a). Enterococcus has been found in the cloaca of birds (Jørgensen et al, 2017) andPsychrobacter has been found in the throats and guts of birds (Kämpfer et al, 2015), (Kämpfer et al, 2020).Lactobacillus and Lactococcus have been previously identified in the cloaca of birds (Allegretti et al, 2014;Gunasekaran, Trabelcy, Izhaki, & Halpern, 2021), but we found them at higher abundances in the intestines, which is similar to previous comparative studies (Hird et al, 2015;Capunitan et al, 2020). Enterococcus was more abundant in the intestines than the cloaca, gizzard, blood, and buccal cavity and more common in the blood than the gizzard (Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body size poorly predicts host-associated microbial diversity in wild birds

Herder¹,

Lutz

Hird³

2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The extent to which the avian microbiome is shaped by host phylogeny relative to other factors is largely unknown. In this study, we examine microbial biodiversity across multiple body sites of 211 bird species sampled in Malawi. Microbial community dissimilarity differed significantly across body sites, which included blood, buccal cavity, gizzard, intestine, cloaca, liver, and spleen. With these data, we tested the hypothesis that the avian microbiota follow a Species-Area Relationship by using a comparative phylogenetic method to examine the correlation between microbiota richness and host weight. Using Pagel’s lambda, we confirmed that bird mass is significantly correlated with host phylogeny but found that few microbial diversity metrics showed such a correlation. Phylogenetic Generalized Least Squares identified a significant but weak negative correlation between host weight and microbial richness of the blood and a similarly significant but weak positive correlation between the cloacal microbiota and host weight among birds within the order Passeriformes. Taken together, these results suggest that the avian microbiome does not follow a traditional species-area relationship when phylogenetic relatedness is considered, rather, microbial diversity is influenced by factors beyond host phylogeny and size.

show abstract

“…The restriction enzyme Xbal was used [34]. The PFGE protocol for E. faecalis was described by Jørgensen et al [35].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a new probiotic concept for broilers

Jørgensen

Poulsen

Bisgaard

2020

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

13 14 Primary audience: plant managers, veterinarians, nutritionists 15 16 2 SUMMARY 17Probiotics were introduced as a spray directly in the hatcher when chickens started 18 to leave the eggs which potentially could reduce the horizontal transmission and colonization 19 with pathogenic bacteria. The single introduction of probiotics could limit the cost compared to 20 multiple introductions with feed and/or water. A mixture of five probiotic strains belonging to 21 Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus agilis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus was 22 tested with two independent flocks of broilers (Ross 308). For each experiment, a comparison 23 was made to an untreated control flock on the same farm. At day 14 of production the probiotic 24 strains were re-isolated from ileum of euthanized chickens. The first week mortality was slightly 25 increased in the probiotic flock (0.42%) compared to the control (0.35%) in experiment 1, 26 however, it was higher in the control flock (1.45%) compared to the probiotic flock (1.12%) in 27 experiment 2. The average weight of chickens that could be slaughtered for consumption was 28 increased by 3.5% in the probiotic flocks compared to the control flocks, resulting in a 1.9% 29 higher total weight of slaughtered chickens in the probiotics treated flocks compared to the 30 control as a mean of the two experiments. The number of condemned animals was within the 31 normal range for the production system and could not directly be related to effects of probiotics. 32Although one probiotic strain of E. coli was isolated from dead animals, the probiotics did not 33 affect the proportion of chickens which died due to E. coli during the first week compared to the 34 control. 35 36 DESCRIPTION OF PROBLEM 37 Bacterial infections in industrialized chickens can cause high mortality and major 38 economic costs [1, 2]. Bacteria including Escherichia coli, enterococci and staphylococci have 39 been reported most frequently to contribute to bacterial disease in poultry, being associated with 40 septicemia, omphalitis, salpingitis and endocarditis [3, 4, 5]. Vertical transmission from the 41 parent hen to the chicks and subsequent horizontal transmission in the hatcher has been 42 considered to be the main route of the infectious agent to spread [5, 6]. 43 The chicken's first week of live has been found critical and the main bacterial 44 challenge has been E. coli [7]. Producers aim to keep first week mortality (FWM) below 0.7% 45 [8]. Antibiotics have traditionally been preferred to control FWM. However, due to the 46 3 development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, alternative treatment methods have been proposed to 47 reduce bacterial infections. 48Newly hatched chicks in industrialized settings can be exposed to the microflora 49 found on the eggshells in the hatchers and bacteria of chicks which may hatch with a vertical 50 transmitted infection [5]. The colonization route of chickens provided the idea to use a new way 51 to deliver probiotics to the chickens. A novel applic...

show abstract

Characterization ofEnterococcus faecalisisolated from the cloaca of ‘fancy breeds’ and confined chickens

Cited by 11 publications

References 47 publications

Penicillin‐resistant, ampicillin‐susceptible Enterococcus faecalis isolates are uncommon in non‐clinical sources

Penicillin‐resistant, ampicillin‐susceptible Enterococcus faecalis isolates are uncommon in non‐clinical sources

Body size poorly predicts host-associated microbial diversity in wild birds

Evaluation of a new probiotic concept for broilers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About