Characterization of Human Papillomavirus prevalence and risk factors to guide cervical cancer screening in the North Tongu District, Ghana

Krings, Amrei; Dunyo, Priscilla; Pesic, Aleksandra; Tetteh, Saviour; Hansen, Benjamin Tetteh; Gedzah, Isaac; Wormenor, Comfort Mawusi; Amuah, Joseph E.; Behnke, Anna-Lisa; Höfler, Daniela; Pawlita, Michael; Kaufmann, Andreas M.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0218762

Cited by 55 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In our study, two population groups aged 20-29 years (10.1%) and 40-49 years (13.7%) had higher prevalence of HPV. Similar findings, with both peaks of age, have been documented in other studies [11,17,19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This distribution of HPV in Togo is consistent with literature data, in the general population for early diagnosis. HPV16 is the most common reported genotype in cancer or precancerous lesions [17][18][19]. Our results align with findings reported in Burkina Faso and in Ghana, neighboring countries in Togo, which found more HPV18 than HPV16 [9,20,21].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Infection with multiple HPV genotypes, which was found to be associated with an increased risk of HPV persistence [22], was relatively low in the present study. Furthermore, these findings are comparable to those of Ouedraogo and Traore et al in Burkina Faso, Piras et al in Benin and Krings et al in Ghana [9,18,19,21]. Low detection of multiple HPV infections could be influenced by the specificity of the tests used for screening or diagnosis, especially if the test does not cover most genotypes circulating in the geographical area.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…These risk factors could be responsible for HPV acquisition, persistence and development of cervical cancer. These risk factors can be early onset of sexual activity, low socioeconomic status, illiteracy, multiple sexual partners, marital status, alcoholism, smoking and use of oral contraceptives [5,9,19,22]. People who are immunocompromised such as those living with HIV or who have coinfection with other sexually transmitted agents are also more likely to have persistent HPV infections and a more rapid progression to precancer and cancer [5,8,12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of HPV Among HIV-Negative Women of Child-Bearing Age in Lomé, Togo

et al. 2019

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Aim: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and the distribution of HPV genotypes among HIV-negative women of child-bearing age in Lomé, Togo. Materials & methods: From April 2014 to September 2015, a cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV-negative women attending gynecological consultation in six health centers in Lomé. Cervical swabs were obtained from 324 women. HPV test was performed using HPV Direct Flow Chip. Results: The prevalence of any type and oncogenic HPV was 9.3 and 8.3%, respectively. A total of 13 different genotypes HPV, high risk (16, 18, 35, 45, 52, 53, 68, 82) and low risk (6, 40, 43, 44/65, 62/81), were found. Conclusion: Findings from this study provide essential insights for planning future public health strategies, including HPV vaccination programs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Prevalence of HPV Among HIV-Negative Women of Child-Bearing Age in Lomé, Togo

et al. 2019

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“…The prevalence rate of high-risk HPV infection among the inmates (47.6%) washigher than the rate of 10.7% reported among outpatient gynecologic patients assessed in Accra [24], 13.9% among pregnant women living in the Western region of Ghana [25], and 32.3% among women living in the North Tongu District of the Volta Region of Ghana [26].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of High-risk Human Papillomavirus Infection Among Prisoners in the Nsawam Medium Security Prison, Ghana

Acheampong¹,

Effah

Amuah

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The Ghana Prisons Service has a Health Directorate that ensures delivery of healthcare to people in their custody under the Ghana Association of Quasi Health Institution (GAQHI) which is one of the agencies under the Ministry of Health. Across Ghana, females comprise 1.2% of the entire prison population (n=15,463). Cervical cancer screening services are however nonexistent and the prevalence of cervical precancer is undocumented. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of high-risk HPV infection and associated cervical abnormalities during a cervical cancer screening outreach. Methods: After informed consent and counselling, women underwent a structured questionnaire-based interview. Responses were recorded directly into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Inmates were co-tested for cervical pre-cancer by two trained nurses using dry brush cervical samples for 15 high risk HPV types using the AmpFire HPV test after which mobile colposcopy with the EVA system was performed. EVA images were reviewed by a gynecologist. Frequencies and percentages were used to describe categorical data while means and standard deviations or medians and interquartile ranges were used to describe continuous data. Results: The majority (75%) of the inmates were convicts with a median sentence of 5 years. Their mean age was 41.1 years (range, 19–97). Out of the 14% that had ever been screened for cervical cancer, 75% had only been screened once. The self-reported prevalence rate of HIV among the inmates was 13.1%, all of who were receiving treatment. The high-risk HPV prevalence rate was 47.6% in the general population of inmates and 63.6% among HIV positive inmates. Using the EVA system, 5(6%) had lesions on the cervix of which 3(3.6%) were treated with thermal coagulation and 2(2.4%) were treated with LEEP. The average age of high-risk HPV positive inmates was 37.8 years. These inmates were also more likely to have been in prison for a shorter duration. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of high-risk HPV infection among women in custody. These women will benefit from structured cervical cancer prevention services, including treatment for abnormalities that are picked up during such screening.

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Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer in Ghana

Nartey,

Amo‐Antwi,

Hill

et al. 2024

Cancer Reports

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BackgroundThe major burden of cervical cancer occurs in low‐ and middle‐income countries. In Ghana, it is the second most common cancer among women. Infection with high‐risk human papilloma virus (HPV) has been established as the cause of cervical cancer. As such, it is important to identify risk factors that may affect progression from HPV infection to cancer.AimsWe assessed the risk factors assocaited with cervical cancer in Ghana.MethodsTo identify the risk factors for cervical cancer, we conducted an unmatched case–control study in two hospitals in Ghana where most cervical cancer cases are diagnosed. Women with histologically confirmed cervical cancer were the cases, whereas women without cancer seeking care at the two hospitals were controls. A structured questionnaire was administered to the women, after which cervical samples were sent for HPV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) testing.ResultsOverall, 206 cases and 230 controls were recruited. After adjusting for possible confounders, women with the highest educational level had a significantly lower risk of cervical cancer than those with no or little formal education. Parity was a major risk factor (odd ratio [OR] for five or more children = 7.9; 95% CI: 2.3–27.6), with risk increasing with increasing parity (p for trend <0.001). Women reporting the use of a homemade sanitary towel during menstruation also had an increased risk of cervical cancer compared with women who used a pad (OR: 7.3; 95% CI: 2.5–22.0).ConclusionIn this Ghanaian population, high parity and poor personal hygienic conditions were the main contributing factors to the risk of cervical cancer after adjustment for the presence of high‐risk HPV genotypes.

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Characterization of Human Papillomavirus prevalence and risk factors to guide cervical cancer screening in the North Tongu District, Ghana

Cited by 55 publications

References 35 publications

Prevalence of HPV Among HIV-Negative Women of Child-Bearing Age in Lomé, Togo

Prevalence of HPV Among HIV-Negative Women of Child-Bearing Age in Lomé, Togo

Prevalence of High-risk Human Papillomavirus Infection Among Prisoners in the Nsawam Medium Security Prison, Ghana

Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer in Ghana

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