Characterization of HSCD5, a novel human stearoyl-CoA desaturase unique to primates

Wang, Jian; Yu, Ling; Schmidt, Robert E.; Su, Chen; Huang, Xiaodi; Gould, Kenneth E.; Cao, Guoqing

doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.05.013

Cited by 190 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Two SCD isoforms have been foundinhumans,SCD1andSCD5.WhereashumanSCD1 shares 85% amino acid identity with mouse Scd1-Scd4, human SCD5 shares limited identity to the mouse Scd genes and is unique to primates [14,15]. While both SCD1 and SCD5 are expressed in a variety of tissues in adult humans, SCD1 is highest in adipose and liver, but SCD5 is most abundant in brain and pancreas [14][15][16].…”

Section: Multiple Isoforms Of Mouse and Human Scdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase in regulating lipid metabolism

Flowers

Ntambi

2008

Current Opinion in Lipidology

366

303

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Purpose of review-Stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 is a δ-9 fatty acid desaturase that catalyzes the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids and has emerged as a key regulator of metabolism. This review evaluates the latest advances in our understanding of the pivotal role of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 in health and disease.Recent findings-scd1-deficient mice have reduced lipid synthesis and enhanced lipid oxidation, thermogenesis and insulin sensitivity in various tissues including liver, muscle and adipose tissue due to transcriptional and posttranscriptional effects. These metabolic changes protect scd1-deficient mice from a variety of dietary, pharmacological and genetic conditions that promote obesity, insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. Stearoylcoenzyme A desaturase 1 is required to guard against dietary unsaturated fat deficiency, leptin deficiency-induced diabetes, and palmitate-induced lipotoxic insults in muscle and pancreatic β-cells. Paradoxical observations of increased muscle stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 during obesity, starvation and exercise raise questions as to the role of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 in this tissue. Mice with a liverspecific loss of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1, and inhibition of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 via antisense or RNA interference, recapitulate only a subset of the phenotypes observed in global Scd1 deficiency, indicating the involvement of multiple tissues.Summary-Recent studies in humans and animal models have highlighted that modulation of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1 activity by dietary intervention or genetic manipulation strongly influences several facets of energy metabolism to affect susceptibility to obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes and hyperlipidemia.

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Section: Multiple Isoforms Of Mouse and Human Scdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase in regulating lipid metabolism

Flowers

Ntambi

2008

Current Opinion in Lipidology

366

303

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The main products of SCDs are palmitoleic (16:1 ω-7) and oleic (18:1) acid, essential for triacylglycerol synthesis (Smith, Lieberman, Marks, 2005), from their preferred substrates, palmitic (16:0) and stearic acid (18:0), respectively. Two SCD isoforms have been observed in humans, SCD1 (mainly seen in adipose tissue and liver) and SCD5 (observed in the brain and pancreas) (Zhang et al, 1999;Wang et al, 2005;Zhang, Yang, Shi, 2005).…”

Section: Lipokinementioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance

Martins

Oliveira

Cruz

et al. 2014

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

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White adipose tissue (WAT) is considered an endocrine organ. When present in excess, WAT can influence metabolism via biologically active molecules. Following unregulated production of such molecules, adipose tissue dysfunction results, contributing to complications associated with obesity. Previous studies have implicated pro-and anti-inflammatory substances in the regulation of inflammatory response and in the development of insulin resistance. In obese individuals, pro-inflammatory molecules produced by adipose tissue contribute to the development of insulin resistance and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. On the other hand, the molecules with anti-inflammatory action, that have been associated with the improvement of insulin sensitivity, have your decreased production. Imbalance of these substances contributes significantly to metabolic disorders found in obese individuals. The current review aims to provide updated information regarding the activity of biomolecules produced by WAT.Uniterms: Obesity. Inflammation. Adipose tissue. Adipokines. Insulin resistance.O tecido adiposo branco (WAT) é considerado um órgão endócrino, que, em excesso, é capaz de controlar o metabolismo, pela ação de moléculas biologicamente ativas. A produção desregulada destas substâncias pela disfunção do tecido adiposo pode contribuir para as complicações presentes na obesidade. As pesquisas atuais têm esclarecido fatores e mecanismos envolvidos na atuação de substâncias pró e anti-inflamatórias na modulação da inflamação e da resistência à insulina. Em indivíduos obesos, as moléculas pró-inflamatórias produzidas pelo tecido adiposo têm sido implicadas como fator contribuinte para o desenvolvimento da resistência à insulina e aumento do risco de doença cardiovascular. Por outro lado, as moléculas com ação anti-inflamatória, que atuam na melhora da sensibilidade à insulina, têm sua produção reduzida. O desequilíbrio entre essas substâncias contribui de forma significativa para as desordens metabólicas presente em indivíduos obesos. Assim, esta revisão visa a trazer informações atualizadas sobre a atuação de moléculas secretadas pelo tecido adiposo. Unitermos:Obesidade. Inflamação. Tecido adiposo. Adipocinas. Resistência à insulina.

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“…Accumulation of lipid in VSMC is associated to either uptake of lipoproteins and fatty acids from plasma, or de novo lipogenesis with increased expression of lipogenic genes such as stearoyl-CoA desaturase (scd) (Leake and Peters 1982;Mietus-Snyder et al 1997;Portman 1970;Ricciarelli et al 2000;Davies et al 2005;Hamlat et al 2009). The stearoyl-CoA desaturase localizes in the endoplasmic reticulum and exists under two isoforms scd1 and scd5 in human (Wang et al 2005). Scd plays its central role in partitioning endogenous and dietary fatty acids into metabolically active or inactive pools and is a key enzyme of mono-unsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) biosynthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct regulation of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 gene expression by cis and trans C18:1 fatty acids in human aortic smooth muscle cells

et al. 2011

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Consumption of trans fatty acids is positively correlated with cardiovascular diseases and with atherogenic risk factors. Trans fatty acids might play their atherogenic effects through lipid metabolism alteration of vascular cells. Accumulation of lipids in vascular smooth muscle cells is a feature of atherosclerosis and a consequence of lipid metabolism alteration. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (scd1) catalyses the production of monounsaturated fatty acids (e.g. oleic acid) and its expression is associated with lipogenesis induction and with atherosclerosis development. We were interested in analysing the regulation of delta-9 desaturation rate and scd1 expression in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC) exposed to cis and trans C18:1 fatty acid isomers (cis-9 oleic acid, trans-11 vaccenic acid or trans-9 elaidic acid) for 48 h at 100 lM. Treatment of HASMC with these C18:1 fatty acid isomers led to differential effects on delta-9 desaturation; oleic acid repressed the desaturation rate more potently than trans-11 vaccenic acid, whereas trans-9 elaidic acid increased the delta-9 desaturation rate. We then correlated the delta-9 desaturation rate with the expression of scd1 protein and mRNA. We showed that C18:1 fatty acids controlled the expression of scd1 at the transcriptional level in HASMC, leading to an increase in scd1 mRNA content by trans-9 elaidic acid treatment, whereas a decrease in scd1 mRNA content was observed with cis-9 oleic acid and trans-11 vaccenic acid treatments. Altogether, this work highlights a differential capability of C18:1 fatty acid isomers to control scd1 gene expression, which presumes of different consequent effects on cell functions.

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Characterization of HSCD5, a novel human stearoyl-CoA desaturase unique to primates

Cited by 190 publications

References 18 publications

Role of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase in regulating lipid metabolism

Role of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase in regulating lipid metabolism

Obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance

Distinct regulation of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 gene expression by cis and trans C18:1 fatty acids in human aortic smooth muscle cells

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