Characterization of heavy metals and PCDD/Fs from water-washing pretreatment and a cement kiln co-processing municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash

Yan, Dahai; Peng, Zheng; Yu, Li; Sun, Yujiao; Ren, Yongsheng; Karstensen, Kåre Helge

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2018.03.006

Cited by 68 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The concentration of particulate-bound Zn in stack flue gas was somewhat higher at the kiln tail (0.62-1.92 µg•m −3 ) than at the kiln head (0.29-1.76 µg•m −3 ; Table A1) but was far below the values (6-100 µg•m −3 ) reported by Arfala et al [20] for a CP in Morocco. These results were similar to a CP that co-processed municipal solid waste incineration fly ash in Beijing, which discharged Zn concentrations in the range of 1.3 to 6.0 µg•m −3 , which corresponded to a baseline level (without incineration fly ash addition) and a 1.7% addition of incineration fly ash that contained 7000 mg•kg −1 Zn [33].…”

Section: Atmospheric Zn Emissionssupporting

confidence: 83%

Substance Flow Analysis of Zinc in Two Preheater–Precalciner Cement Plants and the Associated Atmospheric Emissions

Huang

et al. 2022

Atmosphere

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Atmospheric emission of heavy metals from different anthropogenic sources is a great concern to human beings due to their toxicities. In order to disclose the emission levels and the distribution patterns of zinc (Zn) in the modern cement industry with respect to its low boiling point (~900 °C) comparing to the high-temperature (1450 °C) clinker production process, solid samples representing the input and output flow of Zn during the entire production process in two preheater–precalciner cement plants (CPs) were collected and analyzed. For the first time, it was found that the behaviour of Zn inside different precalciner CPs was similar despite a huge difference in the Zn inputs to the CPs; namely, almost all the Zn input was output in clinker, which was then mixed with different additives and retarder to make cement products. The high-temperature clinkerisation process would incorporate Zn into the aluminosilicate of clinker. As a result, there was no enrichment of Zn during clinker production and the atmospheric emission factor was relatively low at 0.002%, or 1.28–9.39 mg Zn·t−1 clinker. Our result for the atmospheric Zn emissions from CPs was much lower than most previous reports, implying the CPs were not a crucial Zn emission source. However, the higher load of Zn in some raw/alternative materials—like nonferrous smelting slag with a Zn content of ~2%—could greatly increase the content of Zn in clinker and cement products. Therefore, further investigation on the environmental stability of Zn in such Zn-laden cement and concrete should be carried out.

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Section: Atmospheric Zn Emissionssupporting

confidence: 83%

Substance Flow Analysis of Zinc in Two Preheater–Precalciner Cement Plants and the Associated Atmospheric Emissions

Huang

et al. 2022

Atmosphere

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“…36 Furthermore, they were also much lower than most contents investigated by previous studies such as CP in India (34 μg•m −3 of Pb, 14.6 μg• m −3 of Cd; Table 4). 37 However, Pb and Cd contents of flue gas in our study were close to the results investigated by Yan et al 38 (0.72 ± 0.01 μg•m −3 of Pb, 0.04 ± 0.01 μg•m −3 of Cd; Table 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate of Lead and Cadmium in Precalciner Cement Plants and Their Atmospheric Releases

et al. 2021

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Disclosing the fate of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) during the cement production process is the key to control their atmospheric emissions, which have not attracted much attention yet. In this study, three precalciner cement plants (CPs) using different raw materials in Guizhou Province in Southwest China were investigated. It showed that the concentrations of Pb and Cd in different raw materials and the associated total metal input of these materials were different among CPs; the behavior of Pb and Cd were almost the same during the clinker production process that there has been no accumulation of these two elements inside the system, and nearly all input of Pb and Cd were discharged by the clinker. Although the temperature of clinkerization was pretty high of 1450 °C, the atmospheric emission ratio of both metals was negligible (<0.006% for Pb and <0.002% for Cd of the total output, respectively); the main reason might be that the two elements were incorporated into the minerals of clinker, either as silicate or sulfate. The long-term environmental impacts of some high Pb-and Cd-laden clinkers and cement need to be monitored and evaluated.

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“…e washing process is easy to operate, its cost is low, and it can effectively remove the dust and soluble substances on the surface, so it is widely used in practice [104][105][106]. However, the effect on the removal of insoluble salt or slightly soluble salt is not good.…”

Section: Washingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and Chemical Properties, Pretreatment, and Recycling of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash and Bottom Ash for Highway Engineering: A Literature Review

Tian

Zhang

et al. 2020

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) has been widely used due to its benefits in reducing waste and recovering energy. However, MSWI fly ash and bottom ash are increasing rapidly, causing harm to human health and the environment. This paper discussed the production process, physical and chemical properties, leaching properties, pretreatment methods, and applications of fly ash and bottom ash. By summarizing the previous literature, it is found that MSWI fly ash and bottom ash have mechanical properties similar to natural aggregate. Many beneficial attempts have been made in cement concrete aggregates, ceramic raw materials, and highway engineering materials. Due to concerns about the leaching of heavy metals in fly ash, its application in highway engineering is limited. The application of bottom ash in asphalt pavement is rare because of the side effect on the performance of asphalt mixture. Considering the solidification effect of cement on heavy metals and the low cost of fly ash and bottom ash, the application in cement-stabilized macadam base has broad application prospects. This is beneficial to reduce the construction cost and promote the process of waste incineration, especially in developing countries.

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Characterization of heavy metals and PCDD/Fs from water-washing pretreatment and a cement kiln co-processing municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash

Cited by 68 publications

References 30 publications

Substance Flow Analysis of Zinc in Two Preheater–Precalciner Cement Plants and the Associated Atmospheric Emissions

Substance Flow Analysis of Zinc in Two Preheater–Precalciner Cement Plants and the Associated Atmospheric Emissions

Fate of Lead and Cadmium in Precalciner Cement Plants and Their Atmospheric Releases

Physical and Chemical Properties, Pretreatment, and Recycling of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash and Bottom Ash for Highway Engineering: A Literature Review

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