Characterization of Heating, Movement and Visualization of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications

Abstract

Magnetic nanoparticles can be used for a variety of biomedical applications. They can be used in the targeted delivery of therapeutic agents, as contrast agents in MR imaging and in the hyperthermic treatment of cancers. Previous studies using these particles have not dealt with a quantitative characterization of movement and heating of these particles in biological environments. In the present study, the thermal characteristics of magnetic nanoparticles in water and collagen were investigated. In other studies, the movement of these particles in collagen in a known magnetic field was studied; infra-red (IR) imaging was used to visualize these particles in vitro. The results show that the amount of temperature rise increases with the concentration of nanoparticles regardless of the microenvironments. However, the amount of heating in collagen is significantly less than water at the same nanoparticle concentration. IR imaging can be used to visualize these particles in vitro over a wide range of concentrations of these nanoparticles.

Biogenic Magnetite in Humans and New Magnetic Resonance Hazard Questions

“…Viscosity of surrounding environment is acting against translation and rotation motion of magnetic nanoparticles, , with viscosity force visc F r [24]:…”

Multifunctional Nanocomposites Based on Mesoporous Silica: Potential Applications in Biomedicine

“…If exposed to an alternating magnetic field, the iron oxide particles become powerful heat sources by transforming the energy from the magnetic field into heat (Chastellain et al, 2004;Jordan et al, 1997). The most important characteristic of magnetic nanoparticles for heat generation is particle size (Kalambur et al, 2005). The greatest difficulty in the synthesis of ultrafine particles is size control on the nanometric scale.…”

“…This concept is based on the principle that under an alternating magnetic field (AMF), a magnetic particle can generate heat by hysteresis loss (Ito et al, 2005). There are at least three different mechanisms by which magnetic materials can generate heat in an alternating field (Kalambur et al, 2005): (i) generation of eddy currents in bulk magnetic materials, (ii) hysteresis losses in bulk and multi-domain magnetic materials, and (iii) relaxation losses in 'superparamagnetic' single-domain magnetic materials. The mechanisms (i) and (ii) contribute very little to the heating system of particles with a singledomain.…”

MRI-based communication for untethered intelligent medical microrobots

“…Compared to a single microrobot, a set of particles has a higher chance of avoiding obstacles and rapidly penetrating through narrow spaces [1,79]. The nanoparticles are useful to be used in a wide variety of biomedical applications including targeted delivery and hyperthermic treatment of cancers [79].…”

“…The nanoparticles are useful to be used in a wide variety of biomedical applications including targeted delivery and hyperthermic treatment of cancers [79]. Kalambur et al [79] investigates the movement and the heating of three different types of magnetic nanoparticles in vitro.…”