Characterization of Hardware Impairments in Multiple Antenna Systems for DoA Estimation

Abstract

We consider the effects introduced by hardware impairments on the estimation of the direction of arrival (DoA) deploying a multiple antenna radio system. We derive a system model from experimental measurements of a state-of-the-art hardware test bed based on an RF direct-conversion architecture. The system model includes DC offsets, carrier frequency and phase offsets, and the phase noise. Then, we propose a simple digital compensation algorithm of the impairments for bidimensional DoA estimation (azimuth and elevation) with a 3D orthogonal linear array. The robustness of the algorithm in terms of minimum-mean-squared error as a function of the hardware impairments is evaluated and compared with that achieved using the root-MUSIC algorithm.

Performance analysis of a novel antenna array calibration approach for direction finding systems

“…This is because the shape of the reference signal is not important to obtain the phase φ = 0 but only that the same signal is acquired by all the receivers. Although in this paper we develop a low complexity compensator for the uncertainties β ( i ) ( nT ) − β ( i + 1) ( nT ), i ∈ {1, … , M − 1}so that it can be used by the DoA estimator in , the proposed array configuration can be used together with other DoA algorithms and other array geometries.…”

“…In this paper, we consider the DoA estimation problem when frequency and phase mismatches occur. In particular, the contribution of this work is fourfold: We propose a novel calibration technique that relies on a particular array configuration. We derive a simple method for the phase difference estimation (based on a signal correlation) that can be used with the 2D DoA estimator in . We show how carrier frequency offsets can degrade the phase estimation. A compensation algorithm is proposed in order to mitigate this degradation. We analyse the performance of the proposed method in the presence of phase noise when it is used with the DoA estimator in .…”

“…We derive a simple method for the phase difference estimation (based on a signal correlation) that can be used with the 2D DoA estimator in .…”

“…We propose a novel calibration technique that relies on a particular array configuration. We derive a simple method for the phase difference estimation (based on a signal correlation) that can be used with the 2D DoA estimator in [16]. We show how carrier frequency offsets can degrade the phase estimation.…”

“…A compensation algorithm is proposed in order to mitigate this degradation. We analyse the performance of the proposed method in the presence of phase noise when it is used with the DoA estimator in [16].…”