Characterization of grounds, pigments, binding media, and varnish coating of the Angel Michael' icon, 18th century, Egypt

Sakr, Akmal A.; Ghaly, Mohamed F.; Geight, El-Sayed F.; Abdel-Haliem, Mahmoud E.F.

doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2016.08.039

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…All types of glue had long polysaccharide chains that contain a high proportion of O-H group associated with carbon and appears at 3400 cm -1 [26,27]. Furthermore, N-H stretching bands characterize the animal glue at 3525 cm -1 , and Asymmetric C-H stretch at 2919 cm -1 [28,29]. The animal glue is a water-sol-uble collagen and it is characterized by the appearance of a frequency amide I (C=O stretching at 1646 cm -1 ) and amide II (C-N-H deformation + O-C-N stretching at 1547 cm -1 ) [30], all of these data are listed in tab.…”

Section: Analytical Results Of Binding Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation of the Flowers Canvas Painting (1) at the Egyptian Agricultural Museum

Elsayed

2019

Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies

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The present study aims to examine and treat the flowers canvas painting at the Egyptian Agricultural Museum. It is divided into three parts: a) USBDM, SEM-EDX, XRD, GC and FTIR studies, which revealed that the object is suffering from deterioration forms, e.g. ruptures, dust, cracks, missing parts, brittleness, fragility, acidified canvas, and incompatible treatments. The coloring materials are: The green is celadonite (K(Ca, Mg, Fe 2 ) (Fe 3 Al) [Si 4 O 10 ](OH) 2 ), the red is hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ), the blue is lazurite (Na,Ca) 8 (AlSiO 4 ) 6 (SO 4 ,S,Cl) 2 ), the beige is hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ) mixed with barite (BaSO4) and zincite (ZnO), and the gray is carbon black (C). Additionally the ground layer consists of hydrocerussite PbCO 3 .(OH) 2 , cerussite Pb 3 CO 3 and zincite ZnO binded with animal glue. The oil media is the poppy seed oil. b) The experimental part showed that 7% Beva371 in toluene is more suitable than the fish glue for object consolidation. c) The applied part covered cleaning, consolidation, patching, lining, completing the missing parts in the painting and ground layers and varnishing.

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Section: Analytical Results Of Binding Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation of the Flowers Canvas Painting (1) at the Egyptian Agricultural Museum

Elsayed

2019

Egyptian Journal of Archaeological and Restoration Studies

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“…Although its colour is bright, its chemical property is unstable [60]. Discoloration and degradation are common in murals around the world [61][62][63]. Mogao Grottoes used minium extensively in the prosperous Tang Dynasty [64].…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Pigment Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

Craftsmanship and materials: painted Bodhisattva sculptures in the Fengguo Temple dated to the year 1020 in Yi County, Northeast China

et al. 2021

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As a royal temple, the Fengguo Temple has profound historical, artistic, scientific and social values. With a thousand-year history, it is one of the three existing temples of the Liao Dynasty in China. Now there remains the Main Hall with delicate wall paintings and vivid painted sculptures. The research subject of this paper is the painted Bodhisattva sculptures in the Main Hall. The study target is to reveal the craftsmanship and materials of the painted Bodhisattva sculptures. X-ray detection and the ground-penetrating radar were employed to explore the internal structure of the painted sculptures reasonably. Through microscope analysis, X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopic analysis, the chemical constituents and hierarchical structure of the pigment layer were detected and analyzed. The grain composition and chemical composition of the base layer were presented as well. The research results offer detailed documents for subsequent restoration and pave the way for preventive conservation. Finally, this paper summarized the craftsmanship and materials of painted sculpture works in different periods, so as to explore the development history of the painted sculptures culture.

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“…Icon is the word that describes a Coptic religious picture and is primarily associated with the paintings of the Orthodox Churches [1]. An icon is composed of five layers, support, usually a wooden panel, ground, binder, paint and varnish layer [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although thousands of icons are found in churches and monasteries of Egypt, very limited information was available about them for a long time. Recently, studying Coptic icons has been an element of interest from different aspects including description, characterization and identification, dating, interpretation, conservation and restoration [1][2][3][4][5]. Like other historic structures, Coptic icons are deteriorating with aging especially when left without conservation and restoration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytical and computational study of three coptic icons in Saint Mercurius Monastery, Egypt

2019

Biointerface Res Appl Chem

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Three wooden Coptic icons located at Saint Mercurius Monastery in Tamooh, Giza, Egypt were comprehensively investigated in order to determine the possible causes of their deterioration. Samples from every paint used in each icon were collected spanning from the outermost varnish layer down to the ground layer. Investigation was carried out using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). For interaction between the icon layers DFT calculations at B3LYP/6-31g(d,p) level were conducted in order to study the effect of humidity on the reactivity of the binder material and its possible role in the deterioration of the icons.

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Characterization of grounds, pigments, binding media, and varnish coating of the Angel Michael' icon, 18th century, Egypt

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Conservation of the Flowers Canvas Painting (1) at the Egyptian Agricultural Museum

Conservation of the Flowers Canvas Painting (1) at the Egyptian Agricultural Museum

Craftsmanship and materials: painted Bodhisattva sculptures in the Fengguo Temple dated to the year 1020 in Yi County, Northeast China

Analytical and computational study of three coptic icons in Saint Mercurius Monastery, Egypt

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