Characterization of Grid Lines Formed by Laser-Induced Forward Transfer and Effect of Laser Fluence on the Silver Paste Transformation

Abstract

The investigation of novel approaches for forming solar cell grid lines has gained importance with the rapid development of the photovoltaic industry. Laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) is a very promising approach for microstructure fabrication. In this work, the morphology of grid lines deposited by LIFT was investigated. A characterization scheme for solar cell grid lines was proposed. The shape of grid lines was described, combined with confocal imaging. The evolution process of grid lines from no forming to single-peak and double-peak with a variation of laser fluence was observed. According to experimental conditions, different types of grid line morphology were obtained and transfer mechanisms of silver paste were proposed based on fluid dynamics. The influence of laser fluence on the morphology of formed grid lines was explained through phenomenology and analysis. This can provide a guide for morphology control in forming the process of grid lines.

Special Issue on Fiber Laser and Their Applications

“…Junyuan et al adopted a nanosecond pulsed laser to realize the preparation of a superhydrophobic nickel surface with more suitable friction and wear properties [11]. Yucui et al demonstrated the morphology of grid lines deposited using the laser-induced forward transfer method [12]. Kun et al investigated the technology and mechanism of cleaning an architectural aluminum formwork for concrete pouring with a high-energy and high repetition frequency pulsed laser source [13].…”