Characterization of gastrointestinal disorders in patients with parkinsonian syndromes

Park, Hye-Young; Lee, Jee Young; Shin, Cheol Min; Kim, Jong Min; Kim, Tae Jeong; Kim, Ji Won

doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2015.02.005

Cited by 52 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, one cannot dismiss the possibility that medications elderly patients take may contribute to GID, and, in fact, an association between pump inhibitors and cognitive impairment has recently been reported [60,61]. Of note, Parkinson disease has also been associated with gastrointestinal dysfunction [62]. It is particularly relevant that the enteric nervous system is as important as the central nervous system [59], since it is equally enervated and subject to the same neurotransmitter signaling cascades.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening Younger Individuals in a Primary Care Setting Flags Putative Dementia Cases and Correlates Gastrointestinal Diseases with Poor Cognitive Performance

Rosa¹,

Henriques²,

Carvalho³

et al. 2016

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Background/Aims: Diagnosing dementia is challenging in many primary care settings, given the limited human resources and the lack of current diagnostic tools. With this in mind, a primary care-based cohort was established in the Aveiro district of Portugal. Methods: A total of 568 participants were evaluated using cognitive tests and APOE genotyping. Results: The findings revealed a dementia prevalence of 12%. A strong correlation between increasing Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scores and education was clearly evident. Other highly relevant risk factors were activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental ADL, aging, depression, gender, the APOE ε4 allele, and comorbidities (depression as well as gastrointestinal, osteoarticular, and neurodegenerative diseases). A hitherto unreported, significant correlation between gastrointestinal disease and high CDR score was clearly observable. Conclusions: This study shows the merit of carrying out a dementia screening on younger subjects. Significantly, 71 subjects in the age group of 50-65 years were flagged for follow-up studies; furthermore, these cases with a potentially early onset of dementia were identified in a primary care setting.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening Younger Individuals in a Primary Care Setting Flags Putative Dementia Cases and Correlates Gastrointestinal Diseases with Poor Cognitive Performance

Rosa¹,

Henriques²,

Carvalho³

et al. 2016

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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“…It is a movement disorder characterised by degeneration of the zona compacta neurons of the substantia nigra. The most common GI symptoms are constipation, appetite loss, weight loss, dysphagia, sialorrhea and gastro-oesophageal reflux 49 . Alpha-synuclein-aggregates, the major neuropathological marker in Parkinson's disease, are present in the submucosal and myenteric plexuses of the enteric nervous system, prior to their detection in the brain, which may indicate a gut to brain "prion-like" spread 50 .…”

Section: Parkinson's Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis in Health and Disease

Dinan

Cryan

2017

Gastroenterology Clinics of North America

756

525

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Type of publicationArticle (peer-reviewed) Abstract/SummaryGut microbes are capable of producing most neurotransmitters found in the human brain.While these neurotransmitters primarily act locally in the gut, modulating the enteric nervous system, evidence is now accumulating to support the view that gut microbes through multiple mechanisms can influence central neurochemistry and behavior. This has been described as a fundamental paradigm shift in neuroscience. Bifidobacteria for example can produce and increase plasma levels of the serotonin precursor tryptophan, which is fundamental in regulating mood, appetite and gastrointestinal function. CertainLactobacilli have been shown to produce gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and to alter brain GABA receptor expression and behavior. IBS is regarded as the prototypic disorder of the brain-gut-microbiota axis which can be responsive to probiotic therapy.

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“…Constipation is the most common GI complaint 55 and the second most common NMS behind hyposmia in PD. 54 Studies report constipation in 20-80 % of PD patients, 56,57 and a meta-analysis places the incidence at 50 %.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The gut-brain axis: is intestinal inflammation a silent driver of Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis?

Houser

Tansey

2017

npj Parkinson's Disease

428

348

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The state of the intestinal environment can have profound effects on the activity of the central nervous system through the physiological contributions of the microbiota, regulation of intestinal barrier function, and altered activity of peripheral neurons. The common language employed for much of the gut-brain communication is the modulation of immune activity. Chronic proinflammatory immune activity is increasingly being recognized as a fundamental element of neurodegenerative disorders, and in Parkinson’s disease, inflammation in the intestine appears particularly relevant in pathogenesis. We review the evidence that intestinal dysfunction is present in Parkinson’s disease and that it may reflect the earliest manifestations of Parkinson’s disease pathology, and we link these findings to dysregulated immune activity. Based on this, we present a model for Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis in which the disorder originates in the intestine and progresses with inflammation as its underlying mechanism. More in-depth investigations into the physiological mechanisms underlying peripheral pre-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease are expected to lead to the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic measures that can slow or limit progression of the disease to more advanced stages involving debilitating motor and cognitive symptoms.

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Characterization of gastrointestinal disorders in patients with parkinsonian syndromes

Cited by 52 publications

References 39 publications

Screening Younger Individuals in a Primary Care Setting Flags Putative Dementia Cases and Correlates Gastrointestinal Diseases with Poor Cognitive Performance

Screening Younger Individuals in a Primary Care Setting Flags Putative Dementia Cases and Correlates Gastrointestinal Diseases with Poor Cognitive Performance

The Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis in Health and Disease

The gut-brain axis: is intestinal inflammation a silent driver of Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis?

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