Characterization of fluorescent dissolved organic matters in metalworking fluid by fluorescence excitation-emission matrix and high-performance liquid chromatography

Novel insights into impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on aquatic environment of Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal in southern Jiangsu region

“…BS-C1 and BS-C2 were generally ascribed to tyrosine-like and tryptophan-like materials, respectively, both of which were associated with anthropogenic or microbial activities ( Yu et al, 2014 , Yu et al, 2015 , Yamamura et al, 2019 ). BS-C3 was assigned to humic/fulvic acid like materials ( Chen et al, 2003 , Shen et al, 2020 ), which derived from microbial or terrestrial FDOM.

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“…During the exploratory phase, no outliers were found in any of the datasets. Other detailed steps about PARAFAC analysis were introduced in our previous studies ( Liu et al, 2019 , Shen et al, 2020 ).…”

“…Currently, the surface water monitoring network based on conventional water quality parameters (WQPs) has already been constructed in SJ-BHGC. However, the conventional WQPs could only reflect the pollution degree but not the pollution sources for water bodies, which did not meet the requirements of precise environment supervision (( Shen et al, 2020 ) ( Shen et al, 2021 )). Fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) is a spectrum that simultaneously describes changes of fluorescence intensity with excitation (Ex) and emission (Em) wavelengths.…”

Technical note: Effects of iron(II) on fluorescence properties of dissolved organic matter at circumneutral pH

“…Fluorescence spectroscopy has been widely used to characterize the properties of dissolved organic matter as it is highly sensitive to the structures and functional chemistry of aquatic organic matter (Baker and Spencer, 2004;Fellman et al, 2010;Helms et al, 2008;Stedmon and Bro, 2008;Weishaar et al, 2003). In this method, light at a known wavelength (the excitation wavelength) is passed through a sample, and the absorbance at that frequency and fluorescence (emission) at other frequencies is measured.…”

“…Due to the complexity of the EEM spectra obtained from each unique sample, a number of statistical methods have been used to decompose EEM spectra and relate emission patterns to functional chemistry of organic matter within a sample. Parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) is a commonly utilized statistical means of compartmentalizing EEM spectra into discrete peaks that may then be compared to broad organic matter classes (Bro, 1997;Chen et al, 2010;Jaffé et al, 2014;Murphy et al, 2013;Stedmon and Bro, 2008).…”