Characterization of Five Collagenous Biomaterials by SEM Observations, TG-DTA, Collagenase Dissolution Tests and Subcutaneous Implantation Tests

Abstract

Collagenous biomaterials that are clinically applied in dentistry have dermis-type and membrane-type, both of which are materials for promoting bone and soft tissue formation. The properties of materials supplied with different types could affect their biodegradation periods. The purpose of this study was to characterize five of these products by four different methods: scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation, thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), 0.01 wt% collagenase dissolution test, and subcutaneous implantation test in vivo. SEM micrographs revealed that both dermis and membranous materials were fibrous and porous. The membranous materials had higher specific derivative thermal gravimetry (DTG) peak temperatures in TG-DTA at around 320 °C, longer collagenase dissolution time ranging from about 300 to 500 min, and more longevity in mice exceeding 9 weeks than the dermis materials. There existed a correlation between the peak temperature in TG-DTA and the collagenase dissolution time. It was considered that higher cross-link degree among collagen fibrils of the membrane-type collagenous materials might account for these phenomena. The experimental protocol and numerical results obtained could be helpful for selection and future development of fibrous collagenous biomaterials in clinical use.

Exploring the Fibrous Nature of Single-Stranded DNA–Collagen Complexes: Nanostructural Observations and Physicochemical Insights

“…Seeking to validate the thermal properties revealed by DSC, we utilized thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to evaluate the consequence of ssDNA complexation and the exothermic event (vide supra) on the collagen materials’ thermal stability and decomposition profiles. The results appear to agree with the literature suggesting that the structural state of collagenous biomaterials affects the onset degradation temperatures; in this case, we indeed see evidence confirming the phenomenon observed in DSC studies. Namely, the NACC displays a patent increase in the residual mass following degradation (Figures d and S6), which is likely a result of covalent cross-linking between collagen fibers unique to the structure of the DNA–collagen complex.…”

Preparation of Collagen/Hydroxyapatite Composites Using the Alternate Immersion Method and Evaluation of the Cranial Bone-Forming Capability of Composites Complexed with Acidic Gelatin and b-FGF

“…The following supporting information can be downloaded at: https:// www.mdpi.com/article/10.3390/ma15248802/s1, Supplementary Material A: Cross-linking Method of Collagen (Col) (Page 1); Supplemenrary Material B: Tissue Engineering and Therapeutic Effects of b-FGF (Page 2); Supplementary Material C: Self-Preparation of Collagen (Col) Membranes (Pages 3-6). References [14][15][16][17] were cited in Supplementary Material A, References [28][29][30][31][32][33][34] were cited in Supplementary Materials B, and References [49,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73]…”

“…The Col membrane was very important in assisting in forming bones by Col/Hap composite granules and was self-prepared in this study. Its usage, preparation method, and characterization are mentioned in Supplementary Material C: Self-Preparation of Collagen (Col) Membranes (Supplementary Materials) [49,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73]. The formed Col membranes were employed in animal studies, which are explained later.…”