Characterization of fine primary biogenic organic aerosol in an urban area in the northeastern United States

Coz, Esther; Artı́ñano, Begoña; Clark, Lisa; Hernandez, Mark; Robinson, Allen L.; Casuccio, Gary; Lersch, Traci L.; Pandis, Spyros Ν.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.07.007

Cited by 51 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Such biological particles include microorganisms and fragments of all varieties of living matter (i.e., viruses, bacteria, fungal spores, pollen, plant debris and animal matter). Similar particles in atmospheric aerosols have earlier been reported in many studies (Matthias-Maser, 1998;Yeo and Kim 2002;Puc, 2003;Després et al, 2007;Elbert et al, 2007;Deguillaume et al, 2008;Iordanidis et al, 2008;Cong et al, 2009;Coz et al, 2010;Chen et al, 2012). …”

Section: Biogenic Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…Biological particles (both dead and alive) contain minor amounts of Na, Mg, K, P, Si, Fe, Cl, Al and Ca (usually <10% of relative element X-ray intensity of the particle) which are essential tracers present in plants ( Matthias-Maser and Jaenicke, 1994;Artaxo and Hansson, 1995;Matthias-Maser et al, 2000a, b;Posfai and Buseck, 2010) and can be used to separate these particles from other types of particulate matter. To achieve this, the following clustering rule was used for each sample as determined by Coz et al (2010):…”

Section: Biogenic Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SEM-EDX Characterization of Individual Coarse Particles in Agra, India

Pachauri

Singla

Satsangi

et al. 2013

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

125

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Aerosol samples were collected during winter and summer season in Agra, India. The mass concentrations of TSP ranged from 206.1-380.5 μg/m 3 with the average concentration of 306.1 μg/m 3 . The seasonal average concentrations of TSP were 273.4 ± 85.5 μg/m 3 in summer and 338.6 ± 89.1 μg/m 3 in winter. The high levels of mass concentration during winter may be attributed to different emission sources and meteorological conditions at this time of year. The morphology, size and elemental composition of individual aerosol particles were examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with an energy dispersive X-ray system (EDX). The particles analyzed in the study were mostly of large size, with equivalent diameters ranging from 2 to 70 μm. Based on the results of the elemental composition and morphology, 3,500 particles were classified into three groups: biogenic aerosol, geogenic and anthropogenic particles. Different groups of particles have varied morphologies. The soil related aerosols were dominant during the sampling period, showing that crustal materials are the primary contributor to airborne particles at this site. A distinct seasonal variation in the amount of carbonaceous particles was observed. The significant increase in mineral dust particles found during summer may be attributed to the contribution of dust storms, which is also supported by a trajectory cluster analysis.

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Section: Biogenic Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Biogenic Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SEM-EDX Characterization of Individual Coarse Particles in Agra, India

Pachauri

Singla

Satsangi

et al. 2013

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This mode may be composed of individual bacterial cells, non-chitin-containing spores, brochosomes, pollen fragments, droplets of sugar solution ejected by microorganisms, or other uncategorized bioparticles. Figure 7 shows a representation of biological particle types seen regularly by SEM analysis, similar to summaries presented previously (Wittmaack et al, 2005;Coz et al, 2010;Martin et al, 2010b). These images are not meant to be a quantitative summary, but represent particle types consistently observed.…”

Section: Focus Period Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 56%

Size distributions and temporal variations of biological aerosol particles in the Amazon rainforest characterized by microscopy and real-time UV-APS fluorescence techniques during AMAZE-08

et al. 2012

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Abstract. As a part of the AMAZE-08 campaign during the wet season in the rainforest of central Amazonia, an ultraviolet aerodynamic particle sizer (UV-APS) was operated for continuous measurements of fluorescent biological aerosol particles (FBAP). In the coarse particle size range (> 1 µm) the campaign median and quartiles of FBAP number and mass concentration were 7.3×10 4 m −3 (4.0-13.2×10 4 m −3 ) and 0.72 µg m −3 (0.42-1.19 µg m −3 ), respectively, accounting for 24 % (11-41 %) of total particle number and 47 % (25-65 %) of total particle mass. During the five-week campaign in February-March 2008 the concentration of coarsemode Saharan dust particles was highly variable. In contrast, FBAP concentrations remained fairly constant over the course of weeks and had a consistent daily pattern, peaking several hours before sunrise, suggesting observed FBAP was dominated by nocturnal spore emission. This conclusion was supported by the consistent FBAP number size distribution peaking at 2.3 µm, also attributed to fungal spores and mixed biological particles by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), light microscopy and biochemical staining. A second primary biological aerosol particle (PBAP) mode between 0.5 and 1.0 µm was also observed by SEM, but exhibited little fluorescence and no true fungal staining. This mode may have consisted of single bacterial cells, brochosomes, various fragments of biological material, and small Chromalveolata (Chromista) spores. Particles liquid-coated with mixed organic-inorganic material constituted a large fraction of observations, and these coatings contained salts likely from primary biological origin. We provide key support for the suggestion that real-time laser-induce fluorescence (LIF) techniques using 355 nm excitation provide size-resolved concentrations of FBAP as a lower limit for the atmospheric abundance of biological particles in a pristine environment. We also show some limitations of using the instrument for ambient monitoring of weakly fluorescent particles < 2 µm. Our measurements confirm that primary biological particles, fungal spores in particular, are an important fraction of supermicron aerosol in the Amazon and that may contribute significantly to hydrological cycling, especially when coated by mixed inorganic material.

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“…Infrared vibrational spectroscopy has also been widely used for pollen identification (Pappas et al, 2003;Gottardini et al, 2007;Dell'Anna et al, 2009;Zimmermann, 2010). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been particularly useful at the investigation of PBAP, allowing a close look at the morphology and surface of particles (Karlsson and Malmberg, 1989;Wittmaack et al, 2005;Coz et al, 2010;Po¨schl et al, 2010;Gilardoni et al, 2011).…”

Section: Light Detection and Ranging (Lidar) And Remote Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary biological aerosol particles in the atmosphere: a review

Després¹,

Huffman

Burrows³

et al. 2012

Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology

1,159

1,114

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A B S T R A C T Atmospheric aerosol particles of biological origin are a very diverse group of biological materials and structures, including microorganisms, dispersal units, fragments and excretions of biological organisms. In recent years, the impact of biological aerosol particles on atmospheric processes has been studied with increasing intensity, and a wealth of new information and insights has been gained. This review outlines the current knowledge on major categories of primary biological aerosol particles (PBAP): bacteria and archaea, fungal spores and fragments, pollen, viruses, algae and cyanobacteria, biological crusts and lichens and others like plant or animal fragments and detritus. We give an overview of sampling methods and physical, chemical and biological techniques for PBAP analysis (cultivation, microscopy, DNA/RNA analysis, chemical tracers, optical and mass spectrometry, etc.). Moreover, we address and summarise the current understanding and open questions concerning the influence of PBAP on the atmosphere and climate, i.e. their optical properties and their ability to act as ice nuclei (IN) or cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). We suggest that the following research activities should be pursued in future studies of atmospheric biological aerosol particles: (1) develop efficient and reliable analytical techniques for the identification and quantification of PBAP; (2) apply advanced and standardised techniques to determine the abundance and diversity of PBAP and their seasonal variation at regional and global scales (atmospheric biogeography); (3) determine the emission rates, optical properties, IN and CCN activity of PBAP in field measurements and laboratory experiments; (4) use field and laboratory data to constrain numerical models of atmospheric transport, transformation and climate effects of PBAP.

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Characterization of fine primary biogenic organic aerosol in an urban area in the northeastern United States

Cited by 51 publications

References 51 publications

SEM-EDX Characterization of Individual Coarse Particles in Agra, India

SEM-EDX Characterization of Individual Coarse Particles in Agra, India

Size distributions and temporal variations of biological aerosol particles in the Amazon rainforest characterized by microscopy and real-time UV-APS fluorescence techniques during AMAZE-08

Primary biological aerosol particles in the atmosphere: a review

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