Characterization of elemental and structural composition of corrosion scales and deposits formed in drinking water distribution systems

Peng, Ching-Yu; Korshin, Gregory V.; Valentine, Richard L.; Hill, Andrew S.; Friedman, Melinda; Reiber, Steve

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2010.05.043

Cited by 145 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Sarin et al (2004a, b) indicated that unlined iron corrosion scales include goethite (a-FeOOH), lepidocrocite (g-FeOOH), magnetite (Fe 3 O 4 ), ferrous hydroxide (Fe(OH) 2 ), ferric hydroxide (Fe(OH) 3 ), siderite (FeCO 3 ) and hematite (a-Fe 2 O 3 ). In addition, other products were also observed in some corrosion scales, such as maghemite (g-Fe 2 O 3 ), calcite (CaCO 3 ), quartz (SiO 2 ), troilite (FeS), domomite (CaMg(CO 3 ) 2 ), hydroxyapatite (Ca 5 (PO 4 (Refait et al, 1998;Teng et al, 2008;Peng et al, 2010). There were different compositions of corrosion scales formed in different conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of disinfectant and biofilm on the corrosion of cast iron pipes in a reclaimed water distribution system

Wang

et al. 2012

Water Research

210

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Chlorine CorrosionReclaimed water distribution system a b s t r a c tThe effects of disinfection and biofilm on the corrosion of cast iron pipe in a model reclaimed water distribution system were studied using annular reactors (ARs). The corrosion scales formed under different conditions were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while the bacterial characteristics of biofilm on the surface were determined using several molecular methods. The corrosion scales from the ARs with chlorine included predominantly a-FeOOH and Fe 2 O 3 , while CaPO 3 (OH)$2H 2 O and a-FeOOH were the predominant phases after chloramines replaced chlorine. Studies of the consumption of chlorine and iron release indicated that the formation of dense oxide layers and biofilm inhibited iron corrosion, causing stable lower chlorine decay. It was verified that iron-oxidizing bacteria (IOB) such as Sediminibacterium sp., and iron-reducing bacteria (IRB) such as Shewanella sp., synergistically interacted with the corrosion product to prevent further corrosion. For the ARs without disinfection, a-FeOOH was the predominant phase at the primary stage, while CaCO 3 and a-FeOOH were predominant with increasing time. The mixed corrosioninducing bacteria, including the IRB Shewanella sp., the IOB Sediminibacterium sp., and the sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) Limnobacter thioxidans strain, promoted iron corrosion by synergistic interactions in the primary period, while anaerobic IRB became the predominant corrosion bacteria, preventing further corrosion via the formation of protective layers. ª

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of disinfectant and biofilm on the corrosion of cast iron pipes in a reclaimed water distribution system

Wang

et al. 2012

Water Research

210

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“…Corrosion scales formed by the accumulation of corrosion products could serve as the breeding ground for microbes and sinks for heavy metals or other contaminants (e.g., arsenic, vanadium, lead) (Peng et al, 2010(Peng et al, , 2012Sarin et al, 2001;Tuovinen and Hsu, 1982;Tuovinen et al, 1980). Inorganic contaminants presented only at trace levels in finished waters tend to accumulate in DWDS corrosion solids where their concentration can exceed those in solution by several orders of magnitude (Peng et al, 2010(Peng et al, , 2012. Disturbance of corrosion scales or biofilms caused by water quality changes might result in discolored water episodes, microbial film loosening and sorbed contaminants release.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and physicochemical characteristics of iron corrosion scales formed under different water source histories in a drinking water distribution system

et al. 2012

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“…Morphology and composition of corrosion scales and deposits occurring in DWDSs have been studied so far by many research groups [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Corrosion scales usually include inorganic iron-based compounds such as iron(III) oxide-hydroxides (goethite (α-FeOOH), akaganeite (β-FeOOH), lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH)), iron oxides (hematite α , and y 2 to 4), iron(II) hydroxide (Fe(OH) 2 q, and iron sulfides (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical and phase composition of corrosion scales and deposits has been determined using different methods such as elemental analysis [4,15], X-ray diffraction (XRD) [6,9,10], scanning electron microscopy (SEM) [8,9,10,15], and vibrational spectroscopy [15]. The occurrence of water sediments is the main reason of water meters failure in DWDSs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Sediments Causing Damage to Water Meters in a Large Drinking Water Distribution System

et al. 2018

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Preliminary studies on the sediments collected from water meters of Krakow water supply system were performed in the cooperation with the Municipal Water Supply and Sewage. Creation and deposition of sediments on the measuring devices installed in the water supply system is a serious technological and economical problem for water companies, defectively operating for this reason water meters must be replaced. It is evident that knowledge of the chemical and phase composition of sediments is an important step towards resolving the problem of impurities in water supply systems. Four different samples of sediments, coming from water meters, were investigated using the proton-induced X-ray emission, the X-ray diffraction, the Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy. The X-ray methods revealed presence of amorphous and fine-crystalline phases as well as high content of iron-based compounds. As a crystalline phase, the most frequently appeared: goethite, lepidocrocite, iron oxides (hematite, maghemite, magnetite), calcium carbonate, and quartz. In one of the samples, the nanocrystalline phase was found and identified as hydrous iron oxyhydroxide ferrihydrite. Vibrational spectroscopy methods confirmed the composition of crystalline phases as well as enabled to estimate the abundance of amorphous phase in samples.

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Characterization of elemental and structural composition of corrosion scales and deposits formed in drinking water distribution systems

Cited by 145 publications

References 22 publications

Effects of disinfectant and biofilm on the corrosion of cast iron pipes in a reclaimed water distribution system

Effects of disinfectant and biofilm on the corrosion of cast iron pipes in a reclaimed water distribution system

Morphological and physicochemical characteristics of iron corrosion scales formed under different water source histories in a drinking water distribution system

Investigation of Sediments Causing Damage to Water Meters in a Large Drinking Water Distribution System

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