Characterization of dissolved organic nitrogen in leachate from a newly established and fertilized turfgrass

Lusk, Mary G.; Toor, Gurpal S.; Inglett, Patrick W.

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2017.11.040

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Newcomer et al [72] suggested that grass clippings are a potential source of labile N that can be readily mineralized. Lusk et al [73] showed that DON was the main N form in leachate from turfgrass (St. Augustine) and suggested that root and microbial exudates in turf systems can convert inorganic fertilizer N to organic N that can be leached as DON in short periods of times (days to week).…”

Section: Sources Of Particulate Organic Nitrogen In Stormwater Runoffmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition of nitrogen in urban residential stormwater runoff: Concentrations, loads, and source characterization of nitrate and organic nitrogen

et al. 2020

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Stormwater runoff is a leading cause of nitrogen (N) transport to water bodies and hence one means of water quality deterioration. Stormwater runoff was monitored in an urban residential catchment (drainage area: 3.89 hectares) in Florida, United States to investigate the concentrations, forms, and sources of N. Runoff samples were collected over 22 storm events (May to September 2016) at the end of a stormwater pipe that delivers runoff from the catchment to the stormwater pond. Various N forms such as ammonium (NH 4-N), nitrate (NO x-N), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON), and particulate organic nitrogen (PON) were determined and isotopic characterization tools were used to infer sources of NO 3-N and PON in collected runoff samples. The DON was the dominant N form in runoff (47%) followed by PON (22%), NO x-N (17%), and NH 4-N (14%). Three N forms (NO x-N, NH 4-N, and PON) were positively correlated with total rainfall and antecedent dry period, suggesting longer dry periods and higher rainfall amounts are significant drivers for transport of these N forms. Whereas DON was positively correlated to only rainfall intensity indicating that higher intensity rain may flush out DON from soils and cause leaching of DON from particulates present in the residential catchment. We discovered, using stable isotopes of NO 3-, a shifting pattern of NO 3 sources from atmospheric deposition to inorganic N fertilizers in events with higher and longer duration of rainfall. The stable isotopes of PON confirmed that plant material (oak detritus, grass clippings) were the primary sources of PON in stormwater runoff. Our results demonstrate that practices targeting both inorganic and organic N are needed to control N transport from residential catchments to receiving waters.

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Section: Sources Of Particulate Organic Nitrogen In Stormwater Runoffmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition of nitrogen in urban residential stormwater runoff: Concentrations, loads, and source characterization of nitrate and organic nitrogen

et al. 2020

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“…Total dissolved N exports were also much higher from the present turf system than those reported by Groffman et al (2004), but this appears largely due to differences in reported [TDN] primarily in the form of DON. Lusk, Toor, and Inglett (2018) reported [DON] in urban stormwater runoff in Florida to be 1.1 mg L −1 (69% of TN). In a similar study, Lusk and Toor (2014) reported mean [DON] ranging from 0.36 to 0.80 mg L −1 , with DON plus particulatue organic N (PON) representing 63% of total N. Although PON was affected temporally due to a "first flush" effect, [DON] was fairly stable within their period of study (June-September).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen forms in runoff export from St. Augustinegrass

et al. 2020

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Nitrogen exports from landscapes can contribute to the eutrophication of surface waters. The most common form of N studied in prior runoff research has been nitrate, although ammoniacal and organic forms of N are also considered important causes of eutrophication. The relative abundance of each N form in runoff from turfgrasses has not been widely reported. The objective of this study was to quantify dissolved inorganic N (DIN) and dissolved organic N (DON) exports in runoff from St. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze] turf over a 2-yr period in College Station, TX. Treatments were arranged as a randomized complete block design having eight combinations of irrigation (100, 75, or 50% of estimated turfgrass water requirements) and fertility level (0, 88, and 176 kg N ha −1 yr −1 ). Runoff from 31 rainfall events and one excess irrigation event were used to estimate annual and seasonal DIN and DON exports. Nitrate-N concentration was typically below 5 mg L −1 , but peaks in excess of 20 mg L −1 were measured during late winter in one year.Aside from this atypical peak, the largest portion of total dissolved N (TDN) was DON, whereas NH 4 -N was typically the smallest portion. Increasing fertilizer rates typically amplified each form of N in runoff, but NO 3 -N was the most responsive to N rate, with corresponding reductions in the DON/TDN ratio and increases in the nitrate/ammonium ratio. Nitrate-N may be the best indicator for fate of anthropogenic N inputs, but studies focusing only on NO 3 -N are likely underreporting N exports.

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“…Peaks between 200-600 m/z and those with a signal-to-noise ratio, SNR > 5 were analysed. Molecular formulae were assigned using python scripts produced by W. Kew, 20 considering elemental compositions of 12 C 0-66 1 H 0-126 and 16 O 0-27 , using an error threshold of ±0.5 ppm. A modified aromaticity index was calculated using the following formula, AI mod = (1 + C-0.5O-0.5H)/(C-0.5O).…”

Section: Collection and Processing Of Spectramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and Fourier transform attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) have been increasingly used to provide molecular insight into the water treatment processes. [13][14][15][16][17] Here they are used to determine which molecular species are most affected, removed or altered by SIX and ILCA-CMF. For comparison, an adjoining water treatment works (WTW) using coagulant flocculation followed by filtration, is also included in this study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular level characterisation of ion-exchange water treatment coupled to ceramic membrane filtration

Smith

Moore

Semiao

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol.

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Characterization of dissolved organic nitrogen in leachate from a newly established and fertilized turfgrass

Cited by 25 publications

References 45 publications

Composition of nitrogen in urban residential stormwater runoff: Concentrations, loads, and source characterization of nitrate and organic nitrogen

Composition of nitrogen in urban residential stormwater runoff: Concentrations, loads, and source characterization of nitrate and organic nitrogen

Nitrogen forms in runoff export from St. Augustinegrass

Molecular level characterisation of ion-exchange water treatment coupled to ceramic membrane filtration

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