Characterization of Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease in an Older Population: Updated Incidence and Life Expectancy With and Without Dementia

Tom, Sarah E.; Hubbard, Rebecca A.; Crane, Paul K.; Haneuse, Sebastien; Bowen, James D.; McCormick, Wayne C.; McCurry, Susan M.; Larson, Eric B.

doi:10.2105/ajph.2014.301935

Cited by 139 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…For example, according to CHAP estimates, approximately 910,000 people age 65 or older developed Alzheimer's dementia in the United States in 2011, a number that would be expected to be even higher in 2020 if CHAP estimates were available for that year 209 . A study using data from the Adult Changes in Thought study, a cohort of members of Kaiser Permanente (formerly Group Health), a health care delivery system in the Northwest United States, reported similar incidence rates to the CHAP study 210 . The number of new cases of Alzheimer's increases dramatically with age: according to estimates from CHAP, in 2011 the average annual incidence in people age 65‐74 was 0.4% (meaning four of every 1,000 people age 65‐74 developed Alzheimer's dementia in 2011); in people age 75‐84, the annual incidence was 3.2% (32 of every 1,000 people); and for age 85 and older (the “oldest‐old”), the incidence was 7.6% (76 of every 1,000 people) 209 .…”

Section: Prevalencementioning

confidence: 91%

“…But when it comes to differences in the actual risk of developing Alzheimer's or other dementias for men and women of the same age, findings have been mixed. Most studies of incidence in the United States have found no significant difference between men and women in the proportion who develop Alzheimer's or other dementias at any given age 71,210,213‐215 . However, some European studies have reported a higher incidence among women at older ages, 216,217 and one study from the United Kingdom reported higher incidence for men 218 .…”

Section: Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies indicate that people age 65 and older survive an average of 4 to 8 years after a diagnosis of Alzheimer's dementia, yet some live as long as 20 years with Alzheimer's dementia 210,296‐303 . This reflects the slow, insidious and uncertain progression of Alzheimer's.…”

Section: Mortality and Morbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

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2020 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures

2020

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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This article describes the public health impact of Alzheimer's disease (AD), including incidence and prevalence, mortality and morbidity, use and costs of care, and the overall impact on caregivers and society. The Special Report discusses the future challenges of meeting care demands for the growing number of people living with Alzheimer's dementia in the United States with a particular emphasis on primary care. By mid‐century, the number of Americans age 65 and older with Alzheimer's dementia may grow to 13.8 million. This represents a steep increase from the estimated 5.8 million Americans age 65 and older who have Alzheimer's dementia today. Official death certificates recorded 122,019 deaths from AD in 2018, the latest year for which data are available, making Alzheimer's the sixth leading cause of death in the United States and the fifth leading cause of death among Americans age 65 and older. Between 2000 and 2018, deaths resulting from stroke, HIV and heart disease decreased, whereas reported deaths from Alzheimer's increased 146.2%. In 2019, more than 16 million family members and other unpaid caregivers provided an estimated 18.6 billion hours of care to people with Alzheimer's or other dementias. This care is valued at nearly $244 billion, but its costs extend to family caregivers’ increased risk for emotional distress and negative mental and physical health outcomes. Average per‐person Medicare payments for services to beneficiaries age 65 and older with AD or other dementias are more than three times as great as payments for beneficiaries without these conditions, and Medicaid payments are more than 23 times as great. Total payments in 2020 for health care, long‐term care and hospice services for people age 65 and older with dementia are estimated to be $305 billion. As the population of Americans living with Alzheimer's dementia increases, the burden of caring for that population also increases. These challenges are exacerbated by a shortage of dementia care specialists, which places an increasing burden on primary care physicians (PCPs) to provide care for people living with dementia. Many PCPs feel underprepared and inadequately trained to handle dementia care responsibilities effectively. This report includes recommendations for maximizing quality care in the face of the shortage of specialists and training challenges in primary care.

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Section: Prevalencementioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

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2020 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures

2020

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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“…); (ii) women with Alzheimer's disease outlive men with Alzheimer's disease (Tom et al . ); and (iii) the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease is higher in women than it is in men (Tom et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…); and (iii) the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease is higher in women than it is in men (Tom et al . ). All this implies that women with Alzheimer's disease are more likely to experience bereavement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mourning process of older people with dementia who lost their spouse

Watanabe

Suwa

2017

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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Association of Demographic and Early-Life Socioeconomic Factors by Birth Cohort With Dementia Incidence Among US Adults Born Between 1893 and 1949

et al. 2020

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IMPORTANCE Early-life factors may be important for later dementia risk. The association between a more advantaged early-life environment, as reflected through an individual's height and socioeconomic status indicators, and decreases in dementia incidence by birth cohort is unknown. OBJECTIVES To examine the association of birth cohort and early-life environment with dementia incidence among participants in the Adult Changes in Thought study from 1994 to 2015. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This prospective cohort study included 4277 participants from the Adult Changes in Thought study, an ongoing longitudinal population-based study of incident dementia in a random sample of adults 65 years and older who were born between 1893 and 1949 and are members of Kaiser Permanente Washington in the Seattle region. Participants in the present analysis were followed up from 1994 to 2015. At enrollment, all participants were dementiafree and completed a baseline evaluation. Subsequent study visits were held every 2 years until a diagnosis of dementia, death, or withdrawal from the study. Participants were categorized by birth period (defined by historically meaningful events) into 5 cohorts: pre-World War I (1893-1913), World

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Characterization of Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease in an Older Population: Updated Incidence and Life Expectancy With and Without Dementia

Abstract: Efforts to delay onset of dementia, if successful, would likely benefit older adults of all ages.

Cited by 139 publications

References 26 publications

2020 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures

2020 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures

The mourning process of older people with dementia who lost their spouse

Association of Demographic and Early-Life Socioeconomic Factors by Birth Cohort With Dementia Incidence Among US Adults Born Between 1893 and 1949

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