Characterization of Corrinoid Compounds from Edible Cyanobacterium Nostochopsis sp.

Abstract

Summary Vitamin B 12 content of an edible cyanobacterium, Nostochopsis sp. was determined to be 140.6 Ϯ 16.2 g/100 g dry weight by a microbiological method. To evaluate whether the Nostochopsis cells contain vitamin B 12 or inactive corrinoid compounds, corrinoid compounds were purified from the cells and then identified as pseudovitamin B 12 (97.4 Ϯ 11.8 g/100 g dry weight) and vitamin B 12 (43.2 Ϯ 6.0 g/100 g dry weight) on the basis of silica gel 60 TLC bioautograms and LC/ESI-MS/MS chromatograms. Vitamin B 12 content was significantly increased in the Nostochopsis cells (254.8 Ϯ 17.6 g/100 g dry weight) grown in the vitamin B 12 -supplemented medium.

Cobalamin production by Lactobacillus coryniformis: biochemical identification of the synthetized corrinoid and genomic analysis of the biosynthetic cluster

“…The transition 678.3 (m/z) [M + 2H + ] ++ to 358.7 (m/z) corresponds to the lower ligand, whose DMB is the aglycon attached to ribofuranose 3-phosphate whereas the transition 678.3 (m/z) [M + 2H + ] ++ to 146.9 (m/z) corresponds to the base DMB. Data transition for pseudo-B 12 were estimated and calculated according the bibliography as follows: 672.5 (m/z) [M + 2H + ] ++ to 347.8 (m/z); this transition corresponds to the lower ligand where adenine is the aglycon attached to ribofuranose 3-phosphate, and the transition 672.5 (m/z) [M + 2H + ] ++ to 135.9 (m/z) corresponds to the base adenine [ 21 ]. Both transitions were sought in the MS and MS/MS spectra of the peaks with cobalamin activity.…”

Vitamin B12-Containing Plant Food Sources for Vegetarians

“…High levels of Vitamin B 12 are described in the nutritional labels of dietary supplements that contain edible cyanobacteria such as Spirulina , Aphanizomenon , and Nostoc . However, although substantial amounts of Vitamin B 12 were detected in these commercially available supplements using a microbiological Vitamin B 12 assay method, these supplements often contained large amounts of pseudovitamin B 12 [66,67,68,69,70,71] (Figure 3), which is biologically inactive in humans. Therefore, edible cyanobacteria and their products are not suitable for use as sources of Vitamin B 12 for vegetarians.…”

Lipophilic and Hydrophilic Compounds from Arthrospira platensis and Its Effects on Tissue and Blood Cells—An Overview

“…High levels of vitamin B12 are described in the nutritional labels of dietary supplements that contain edible cyanobacteria, such as Spirulina , Aphanizomenon , and Nostoc [ 93 ]. However, although substantial amounts of vitamin B12 were detected in these commercially available supplements, using a microbiological vitamin B12 assay method, these supplements often contained large amounts of pseudovitamin B12 (Coα-[α-(7-adenyl)]-Coβ-cyanocobamide) [ 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 ], which is biologically inactive in humans, and only 17% were identified as dimethylbenzimidalylcobamide, also known as vitamin B12 [ 98 , 100 ]. Therefore, edible cyanobacteria and their products are only of limited use as sources of vitamin B12 for vegetarians; see the statement of the American Dietetic Association [ 100 ].…”