Characterization of corn cob as a possible raw building material

Pinto, José M.; Cruz, Daniel Magalhães da; Paiva, Anabela; Pereira, Sandra; Tavares, Pedro B.; Fernandes, Lisete; Varum, Humberto

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.02.014

Cited by 129 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Corn cobs consist of softer, porous particles (Figure 5b), which can aid water penetration, while rice husks have thicker cell walls and fewer openings on particle surfaces, which resist rapid water penetration. The microstructure of corn cob particles implies existence of a capillary network and an associated tendency to absorb water [23].…”

Section: Properties Of Loose Rice Husks and Corn Cobsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Around 134 Mt of rice husks were produced globally from 671 Mt of rice production in the year 2008 [14]; in the same year, approximately 135 Mt of corn cobs were produced from 797 Mt of corn production [15]. Table 1 compares energy, ash, moisture contents, bulk density and porosity of rice husks and corn cobs, as gathered from sources in the literature [1, 14,16,17,18,19,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. It can be estimated that the total annual generation of rice husks and corn cobs has an energy content of 4 EJ, which represents about 1% of the world total primary energy consumption [30].…”

Section: Rice Husks and Corn Cobsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of operating variables on durability of fuel briquettes from rice husks and corn cobs

Muazu

Stegemann

2015

Fuel Processing Technology

122

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Biomass densification processes increase fuel energy density for more efficient transport.This study presents new data to show that blending different types of biomass improves the properties of densified biomass briquettes. The specific objectives were to investigate the effects of sample batch (biomass source), material ratio (rice husks to corn cobs), addition of binder (starch and water mixture) and compaction pressure, on briquette properties, using a factorial experiment.Briquettes had a unit density of up to 1.9 times the loose biomass bulk density, and were stronger than briquettes from the individual materials. Considering average values from two biomass sources, an unconfined compressive strength of 176 kPa was achieved at a compaction pressure of 31 MPa for a 3:7 blend of rice husks to corn cobs with 10% binder.These briquettes were durable, with only 4% mass loss during abrasion and 10% mass loss during shattering tests. They absorbed 36% less water than loose corn cobs. Statistical analysis of the results showed that starch and water addition was required for adequate briquette strength, but significantly reduced green and relaxed densities. The source of the biomass had a significant effect on densification, which emphasises the need to understand factors underlying biomass variability.

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Section: Properties Of Loose Rice Husks and Corn Cobsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rice Husks and Corn Cobsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of operating variables on durability of fuel briquettes from rice husks and corn cobs

Muazu

Stegemann

2015

Fuel Processing Technology

122

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“…Although most sugar refineries combust the bagasse to support the energy demand of the plant, excess amounts of this high calorific residue still remain unutilised. Table 1 compares energy, ash and moisture contents, bulk density, porosity, water absorption and composition of rice husks, corn cobs and bagasse, as gathered from sources in the literature [4,5,6,7,8,9,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. The total annual generation of rice husks, corn cobs and bagasse has an estimated energy content of 16 EJ, which represents about 2.9% of the world total primary energy consumption [20].…”

Section: Rice Husks Corn Cobs and Bagassementioning

confidence: 99%

Biosolids and microalgae as alternative binders for biomass fuel briquetting

Muazu

Stegemann

2017

Fuel

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Binders can be employed to improve the particle adhesion, compressive strength, abrasion resistance and energy content of densified biomass, such as briquettes. They may also reduce the energy cost of producing such briquettes, by reducing the compaction pressure, conditioning temperature and the wear on production equipment.This study explored and compared the effects of three different binders, including starch, enhanced treated biosolids and microalgae, on density, durability, energy content and combustion characteristics of fuel briquettes produced from blends of rice husks, corn cobs and bagasse, in a multilevel factorial design experiment.Briquettes had relaxed unit densities of 1.9 to 3.3 times the loose biomass bulk density, and were stronger than briquettes from the individual materials, with an average unconfined compressive strength of 125 kPa. An unconfined compressive strength of 175 kPa was achieved for a 2:4:1 blend of rice husks, corn cobs and bagasse with the microalgae binder at a compaction pressure of 31 MPa. Statistical analysis of the results showed that the addition of biosolids and microalgae binders significantly improved briquette density, while the addition of starch reduced briquette density, and biosolids reduced briquette strength.Of all the briquettes produced with the three binders, those containing the microalgae binder were found to be most durable, with a higher energy value, slower mass loss during briquette combustion, and a higher afterglow time. Since microalgae may be grown using CO2 from biomass combustion, discovery of their advantages as a binder in briquetting is particularly welcome.

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“…This results in the production of about 130. 13,190.85 and 433.76 million tons of cobs, leaves and stalks in 2011, respectively. Currently, these residues have a number of limited applications including: (a) use of corn cobs as building material and activated carbon [13,14], (b) use of corn leaves as a feedstock for fermentable sugars and supplemental fiber source for paper pulp [15] and (c) use of corn stalks as livestock feed and biofertilizer [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corn stover thermal decomposition in pyrolytic and oxidant atmosphere

Conesa¹,

Urueña²,

Dı́ez³

2014

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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The pyrolysis and combustion of corn stover were studied by dynamic thermogravimetry and derivate thermogravimetry (TG-DTG) at heating rates of 5, 10, 20 and 50 K min -1 at atmospheric pressure. For the simulation of pyrolysis and combustion processes a kinetic model based on the distribution of activation energies was used, with three pools of reactants (three pseudocomponents) because of the complexity of the biomass samples of agricultural origin. The experimental thermogravimetric data of pyrolysis and combustion processes were simultaneously fitted to determine a single set of kinetic parameters able to describe both processes at the different heating rates. The model proposed achieves a good correlation between the experimental and calculated curves, with an error of less than 4 % for fitting four heating rates simultaneously. The experimental results and kinetic parameters may provide useful data for the design of thermo decomposition processing system using corn stover as feedstock. On the other hand, analysis of the main compounds in the evolved gas is given by means of a microcromatograph.

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Characterization of corn cob as a possible raw building material

Cited by 129 publications

References 6 publications

Effects of operating variables on durability of fuel briquettes from rice husks and corn cobs

Effects of operating variables on durability of fuel briquettes from rice husks and corn cobs

Biosolids and microalgae as alternative binders for biomass fuel briquetting

Corn stover thermal decomposition in pyrolytic and oxidant atmosphere

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