Characterization of Coriander (Coriandrum sativumL.) Seeds and Leaves: Volatile and Non Volatile Extracts

Abstract

The main aim of this study was the characterization of coriander essential oil. The major volatile compounds in coriander seed essential oil were linalool, γ-terpinene, α-pinene, camphor, decanal geranyl acetate, limonene, geraniol, camphene, and D-limonene, while the major volatile compounds identified in coriander leaves essential oil were (E)-2-decenal, linalool, (E)-2-dodecenal, (E)-2-tetradecenal, 2-decen-1-ol, (E)-2-undecenal, dodecanal, (E)-2-tridecenal, (E)-2-hexadecenal, pentadecenal, and α-pinene. The essential oil from coriander seeds showed significant radical scavenging activity (66.48 ± 0.80%) at a concentration of 500 μg in comparison with essential oil of coriander leaves (56.73 ± 1.82%). Methanol extracts of both seed and leaves showed the significant radical scavenging activity (64.40 ± 0.81%) and (72.19 ± 0.64%) at 500 μg/mL, respectively, in comparison with the n-hexane extracts, which were (52.67 ± 2.05%) and (60.80 ± 1.01%), respectively, at a concentration of 500 μg/mL. Reducing power results showed that at a concentration from 100-500 μg, coriander seed essential oil gave the absorbance (0.734 ± 1.146), while coriander leaves essential oil gave the absorbance (0.815 ± 1.274). While in non-volatile extracts, the maximum value reached 0.796 ± 0.01 for methanol extract of coriander leaves and for seeds is 0.593 ± 0.04, while the maximum value for n-hexane extract of coriander seeds was 0.624 ± 0.01 and leaves was 0.734 ± 0.04 at a concentration of 500 μg/mL. Our study suggested that coriander seeds and leaves may be used as a potential source of food flavoring and antioxidants.

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) essential oil: Chemistry and biological activity

“…The C. sativum leaf EO (CLEO) contained 44 compounds mostly of aromatic acids containing 2-decenoic acid (30.8%), E-11-tetradecenoic acid (13.4%), capric acid (12.7%), undecyl alcohol (6.4%), tridecanoic acid (5.5%) and undecanoic acid (7.1%) as major constituents while the CLEO contains 53 compounds, linalool (37.7%), geranyl acetate (17.6%) and g-terpinene (14.4%) being the major ones [1] . The major volatile compounds in CSEO, as has been reported by Shahwar et al [25] , were linalool, gterpinene, a-pinene, camphor, decanal geranyl acetate, limonene, geraniol, camphene and D-limonene, while the…”

Determination of Suitable Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) Cultivars for Eastern Mediterranean Region

“…Composition of coriander seed essential oil was found to be varied at different researches. Shahwar et al (2012) studied the chemical composition of coriander, and they found that the major volatile compounds in coriander seed were linalool (55.59 %), γ-terpinene (7.47 %), α-pinene (7.14 %), camphor (5.59 %), decanal (4.69 %), geranyl acetate (4.24 %), limonene (3.10 %), geraniol (2.23 %), camphene (1.78 %), and D-limonene (1.36 %). Leung and Foster (2003) reported that coriander fruits contain 0.2-2.6 % (usually 0.4-1.0 %) volatile oil, the major component of the oil is d-linalool, which is present in 55-74 %, depending on the ripeness of the fruits, geographical locations and other factors.…”

“…(0.23 %). Shahwar et al (2012) reported that content of essential oil of coriander fruits varies from 0.03-2.6 %. According to pharmacopoeia; coriander fruits contained essential oil less than 0.5 % (Wagner et al, 1984).…”

“…The seed of Tunisian coriander had the highest essential oil yield with 0.68 % (Sriti et al, 2009). These essential oils variations can be attributed to some factors like climatic conditions, species and growing conditions (Shahwar et al, 2012).…”

“…The essential oil content of the dried fruits varies from very low (0.03 %) to a maximum report of 2.7 %. The predominant constituent of essential oil of coriander is linalool, which forms approximately twothirds of the oil (Shahwar et al, 2012).…”