The Shiba shrimp Metapenaeus joyneri is a commercially important species in China, Korea, and Japan. Thus far, genetic information, which is essential for the sustainable management of the resource, is quite limited for this species. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of M. joyneri was originally determined. Its mitogenome is 16,008 bp in length and contains 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and one control region (CR). The overall base composition is 35.5, 32.7, 19.4, and 12.4% for A, T, C, and G, respectively. All PCGs are initiated by ATN codons. Four of the 13 PCGs harbor the incomplete termination codon T. Phylogenetic analysis among the available malacostracans species supports the current morphology-based hypothesis that M. joyneri grouped with Metapenaeus species. These data provide fundamental information for further conservation genetic and phylogenetic studies of M. joyneri.