Characterization of Coat Protein Gene of Cucumber Mosaic Virus Isolates in Iran

Abstract

Background: Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) from the Bromoviridae family, is one of the most widespread plant viruses in the world. Objectives: In the present study tomato fields in Guilan, Isfahan, Khorasan Razavi, Khuzestan and Tehran provinces were surveyed to determine the presence of CMV subgroups during 2011-2012. Materials and Methods: Out of 305 symptomatic leaf samples tested by Enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA), 147 samples (48.2 %) were found to be infected by CMV with the highest percentage in Khorasan Razavi (67.4%) followed by Khuzestan (50.6%), Tehran (48%), Isfahan (38.2%) and Guilan (34.3%). The coat protein (CP) gene in the 19 sequenced CMV isolates composed of 657 nucleotides (nt) in a size that encodes 218 amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis based on the nt CP gene showed that the ToKz1, ToKz2, ToKz3 and ToKz4 from Khuzestan fell into subgroup IB and the rest of the Iranian isolates including those sequenced in this study fell into subgroup IA. Results: Subsequent analyses showed that the Iranian CMV isolates belonging to subgroup IA of CMV were most related phylogenetically to each other and they were distinct from the subgroup IB and subgroup II isolates. Bioassay on Nicotiana glutinosa and Solanum lycopersicum showed that the symptoms caused by subgroup IB isolates from Khuzestan were milder than those caused by CMV isolates from subgroup IA under this study. Conclusions: In Iran only subgroups IA and II have been reported, however for the first time this study shows the occurrence and phylogenetic relationships of CMV subgroup IB isolated from tomato fields in West Asia, Iran.

The first evidence of subgroup IB isolates of Cucumber mosaic virus in Ukraine

“…Initially, the members of subgroup IB were found in (and thought to be restricted to) the East Asia. Later on, the subgroup IB strains of CMV were shown to be widespread in Iran [1], however the subgroup IA isolates were also detected [15]. The occurrence of subgroup IB isolates of CMV suggests that they might have been introduced in Ukraine either by seed material or through the exported fresh food products.…”

“…It is distributed worldwide in temperate and tropical areas causing epidemics in a variety of economically important crops. CMV is able to infect approximately 1300 species of more than 500 mono-and dicotyledonous plant genera among over 100 families, with new hosts reported every year [1]. Wide dissemination of CMV suggests its success in rapid adapting to new hosts and new environments [2].…”

“…The strains and isolates detected in other areas (the Mediterranean region, California, Brazil, Australia) have been introduced recently from Asia [1]. The mild strains belong to subgroup II; they are widespread in cooler areas of temperate regions, in the USA, Australia, and Africa [1].…”

Partial biological and molecular characterization of a Cucumber mosaic virus isolate naturally infecting Cucumis melo in Iran

“…Subgroup IB members seems to be less prevalent than IA and occur on tomato in Iran [2,10]. Although the sequence data of another melon infecting CMV isolate is available in GenBank, it has been no report on the properties of the virus in Iran, yet, and this work present data for the first time on properties of a subgroup IB member of CMV naturally infecting melon in Iran.…”

Estandarización de un método de detección molecular del Cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) en banano ecuatoriano

“…Su incidencia, en efecto, está reportada en más de 1.300 especies vegetales, lista a la que se añaden nuevas especies cada año (Arafati et al 2013). En el Ecuador, aunque son pocas las enfermedades virales reportadas en el banano, el cmv, que se encuentra diseminado en amplias zonas bananeras del país (Niblett et al 1994;Orellana et al 2008), representa una amenaza grave para el cultivo.…”