Characterization of CMY-2-type beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from chicken carcasses and human infection in a city of South Brazil

Abstract

Background Food-producing animals, mainly poultry, have been associated with the maintenance and dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC)-producing Enterobacteriaceae, to humans, thus impacting food safety. Many studies have shown that Escherichia coli strains isolated from poultry and humans infections share identical cephalosporin resistance, suggesting that transmission of resistance from poultry meat to humans may occur. The aim of this study was to characterize pAmpC-producing E. coli strains isolated from chicken carcasses and human infection in a restrict area and to determine their antimicrobial resistance profiles, and molecular type by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results A total of 14 pAmpC-producing E. coli strains were isolated, including eight strains from chicken carcasses and six strains from human infections (from urine, tissue and secretion). The bla CMY-2 gene was identified in all pAmpC-producing E. coli strains by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing. High percentages of strains resistant to tetracycline, nalidixic acid and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (78–92%) were detected, all of which were considered multidrug-resistant. Among the non-beta-lactam resistance genes, the majority of the strains showed tet A, tet B, sul I and sul II. No strain was considered an extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) producer, and the bla TEM-1 gene was found in 2 strains isolated from human infection. Six strains from chicken carcasses and four strains from humans infections were linked to an ISE cp1 -like element. Through MLST, 11 sequence types were found. Three strains isolated from human infection and one strain isolated from chicken carcasses belonged to the same sequence type (ST354). However, considerable heterogeneity between the strains from chicken carcasses and humans was confirmed by PFGE analysis. Conclusion This study showed the prevalence of E. coli strains producing bla CMY-2 linked to ISE cp1 that were present in both chickens and humans in a restricted area. Our results also suggest the presence of a highly diverse strains that harbor pAmpC, indicating no clonal dissemination. Therefore, continuous monitoring and comparative analyses of resistant bacteria from humans and food-producing animals are needed.

Antimicrobial Resistance Genes and Diversity of Clones among ESBL- and Acquired AmpC-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Fecal Samples of Healthy and Sick Cats in Portugal

“…The first plasmid-mediated qAmpC, named CMY-1, was described in South Korea (1989). Recent studies have described an increase in specific qAmpC enzymes among hospital or community infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae [ 17 , 18 ]. The DHA-1 and CMY-2 variants are the most common qAmpC types among Enterobacteriaceae implicated in human infections in Portugal [ 18 ].…”

“…The DHA-1 and CMY-2 variants are the most common qAmpC types among Enterobacteriaceae implicated in human infections in Portugal [ 18 ]. During the last years, the CMY-2 enzyme has been increasingly reported in humans and animals, frequently associated with lineages ST429, ST354 or ST57, among others [ 17 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. According to recent studies in Portugal, qAmpC-producing E. coli was reported (CMY-2) among sick pets, mostly associated with ST648 [ 6 ], and among healthy humans, associated with lineages ST4953 and ST665 [ 22 ].…”

Detection of CMY-type beta-lactamases in Escherichia coli isolates from paediatric patients in a tertiary care hospital in Mexico

“…In this study, these two clones (Ec480-ST361 and Ec481-ST23) had CMY-42. On the other hand, E. coli ST12 with CMY-2 was reported in poultry in Italy [ 71 ], E. coli ST350 in chicken carcasses in Brazil [ 72 ], E. coli ST101 with CMY-42 was described in a paediatric patient with bacteraemia [ 69 ] and E. coli ST1284 with CMY-2 in a dog with skin and soft tissue infection [ 73 ]. Due to the diversity of ST found in this study and those reported in other studies, the dissemination of CMY enzymes seems not to be related to a specific lineage of E. coli , but rather to the transfer of mobile genetic elements.…”

Identification of metallo-β-lactamases and AmpC production among Escherichia coli strains isolated from hemodialysis patients with urinary tract infection

“…The presence of AmpC genes ( bla CMY-2 , bla DHA-1 , and bla ACC ) [ 18 ] and MBLs genes ( bla IMP , bla VIM , and bla NDM ) [ 19 ] was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Genomic DNA extraction was performed using the boiling method [ 20 ].…”