Characterization of cellular and matrix alterations in the early pathogenesis of osteochondritis dissecans in pigs using second harmonic generation and two‐photon excitation fluorescence microscopy

Finnøy, Andreas; Olstad, Kristin; Lilledahl, Magnus B.

doi:10.1002/jor.23874

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Nine femurs were unavailable for histological validation because they had been used in previous studies. [8][9][10] The 10 available femurs (Suppl. Table S1) were fixed in 4% phosphate-buffered formaldehyde for 48 hours.…”

Section: Histologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteochondrosis in the Distal Femoral Physis of Pigs Starts With Vascular Failure

et al. 2019

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Articular osteochondrosis (OC) arises due to vascular failure and ischemic chondronecrosis. The aim of the study was to describe the histological and computed tomographic (CT) characteristics of changes in the distal femoral physis of pigs, to determine if they represented OC lesions and if the pathogenesis was the same as for articular OC. The material included 19 male Landrace pigs bred for predisposition to OC. One or 2 pigs were euthanized and CT-scanned at 2-week intervals from 82 to 180 days of age. Material from 10 pigs was available for histological validation. The CT scans revealed 31 lesions confirmed in 3 planes and 1 additional macroscopically visible lesion confirmed in 2 CT planes. Twelve of the lesions were histologically validated. All lesions were compatible with OC. Cartilage canal and eosinophilic streak morphological changes corresponded to failure of end arteries coursing from the epiphysis, toward the metaphysis. The location of lesions was compatible with failure at the point of vessel incorporation into bone. Vascular failure was associated with retention of viable hypertrophic chondrocytes and delayed ossification but not cartilage necrosis. Lesion width ranged from 1.1% to 45.6% of the physis. Several lesions were expected to resolve due to small size and evidence of CT-identifiable, reparative ossification. Angular limb deformity was not detected in any pig. The pathogenesis of physeal OC started with vascular failure that was morphologically identical to articular OC. The heritable predisposition may therefore be the same. The association between lesions and limb deformity should be studied further in older pigs in future.

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Section: Histologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteochondrosis in the Distal Femoral Physis of Pigs Starts With Vascular Failure

et al. 2019

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Assessing collagen alterations in enzymatic degradation models of osteoarthritis via second harmonic generation microscopy

Jambor

Shelton

Kijowski

et al. 2021

Osteoarthritis and Cartilage

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Alleged predisposing dietary factors fail to increase the incidence of osteochondrosis-like lesions in growing pigs at 14 and 24 wk of age

Grez-Capdeville

Groß

Baker

et al. 2020

Journal of Animal Science

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Early lesions of osteochondrosis (OC) are exhibited by regions of cartilage retention along the growth plate and articular cartilage. Progression of OC lesions may impair locomotion and necessitate euthanasia in adherence to animal welfare guides. Little is known about the role of nutrition in the initiation and early stages of OC. However, dietary components are commonly implicated as predisposing factors. In this study, diets were altered as an attempt to induce early stage OC lesions under controlled conditions. At 8 wk of age, 96 crossbred gilts (body weight [BW] = 17.4 ± 0.18 kg) were randomly assigned to one of four corn-soybean meal-based diets (four pens per diet, six pigs per pen) to assess diet effects on the number and volume of OC lesions in the distal femur. Diets included a non-pelleted control diet (Ctl); Ctl plus 20% glucose (Glc); the Ctl with increased concentrations of lysine, Ca, and P (+CaP); and the +CaP diet in a pelleted form (PEL). Femurs were collected from pigs euthanized at either 14-wk (Wk 14) or 24-wk (Wk 14) of age for assessments of OC lesions. Based on a mixed model analysis with pen as the experimental unit, dietary treatments did not affect final BW (129.3 ± 3.8 kg) or average daily gain (ADG) (1.00 ± 0.03 kg/d) over the trial. As expected, pigs fed PEL and Glc diets were more efficient (P < 0.05) in feed conversion compared with Ctl and +CaP. Using femurs as the experimental unit at Wk 14 (collected from two of the six pigs per pen), bone mineral content, determined by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scans, was greater (P < 0.05) in pigs fed +CaP and PEL than Ctl or Glc diets; however, only +CaP group differed (P < 0.05) at Wk 24 (collected from four pigs per pen). Computed tomography (CT) scans of femurs were reconstructed as three-dimensional images to allow detection of the number, volume, and surface area of lesions in distal growth plates. At Wk 14, pigs fed Ctl had fewer number of lesions (P < 0.05); however, no differences were detected among dietary treatments in lesion volume or lesion surface area. Pigs had fewer lesions at Wk 24 than Wk 14; however, differences were not detected among dietary treatments. At Wk 24, pigs fed Ctl diets had the greatest lesion volume among dietary treatments (P < 0.05). In conclusion, none of the pigs exhibited symptoms of lameness regardless of dietary treatment or OC lesion traits. Diet modifications due to pelleting or inclusion of rapidly digestible ingredients, such as glucose, did not increase prevalence or size of OC lesions. Image analysis of CT scans was a reliable method to quantify the number, size, and location of OC lesions.

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Characterization of cellular and matrix alterations in the early pathogenesis of osteochondritis dissecans in pigs using second harmonic generation and two‐photon excitation fluorescence microscopy

Cited by 3 publications

References 46 publications

Osteochondrosis in the Distal Femoral Physis of Pigs Starts With Vascular Failure

Osteochondrosis in the Distal Femoral Physis of Pigs Starts With Vascular Failure

Assessing collagen alterations in enzymatic degradation models of osteoarthritis via second harmonic generation microscopy

Alleged predisposing dietary factors fail to increase the incidence of osteochondrosis-like lesions in growing pigs at 14 and 24 wk of age

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