Characterization of Calcium Carbonate Extracted from Eggshell Waste at Various Calcination Temperature

Abstract

An efficient method to waste utilization is to successfully transform it into high value products. Chicken eggshell contain potential useful minerals of calcium carbonate in which can be processed into biomaterials used in biomedical application. The objective of this study is to derived calcium carbonate from eggshell and analyze the effect of various calcination temperatures on the properties of calcium carbonate. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy indicates that all calcined samples reveals calcium carbonate is no longer present after calcination as it is already converted to calcium oxide. This also supported by x-ray diffraction (XRD) graphs notably on 900°C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and particle size analysis are applied to determine morphological properties and mean sizes of particles for both raw and calcined samples.

Effect of Calcination Temperature on The Properties of Eggshell Waste (EW) Powder for Biomedical Application

“…Fig. 7 (a) to (e) shows all samples before compaction that are in powder form and have a surface with unevenly shaped rock-like particles, which is similarly related to our earlier work 1) . The uncalcined EW (Fig.…”

“…According to the graph, the line rose steadily starting at 600°C and then abruptly peaked at 800°C before gradually raised as it approaches 900°C. Besides, EW did not wholly decompose to CaO after calcination at 600°C, instead producing a mixed catalyst with CaCO3 as the peak existence of XRD revealed in the previous study 1) . Small CaO and larger CaCO3 particles combine to form a finer composition that can close small gaps and create pores that are fewer than 50 nm in size.…”

“…As a result, public health and environmental contamination are hazardous. Because eggshells are part of solid waste, a high output of eggshell trash may increase solid waste production in landfills 1,10) . In the year 2012, Malaysia produced around 642 600 tonnes of eggs.…”