Characterization of CA XIII, a Novel Member of the Carbonic Anhydrase Isozyme Family

Lehtonen, Jonna; Shen, Bairong; Vihinen, Mauno; Casini, Angela; Scozzafava, Andrea; Supuran, Claudiu T.; Parkkila, Anna‐Kaisa; Saarnio, Juha; Kivelä, Antti; Waheed, Abdül; Sly, William S.; Parkkila, Seppo

doi:10.1074/jbc.m308984200

Cited by 222 publications

(200 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…CA XIII mRNA levels were not analyzed in this study due to absence of CA13 probes on the microarray. Based on the previously published data, CA XIII is considered one of the highly expressed isozymes in the colon (27,44). CA I, CA II, and CA IV isozymes showed clearly decreased mRNA expression levels in both sporadic and HNPCC tumors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonic Anhydrase IX Is Highly Expressed in Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer

Niemelä¹,

Hynninen

Mecklin∥³

et al. 2007

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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Carbonic anhydrase (CA) II, CA IX, and CA XII are expressed in various neoplasias and have been linked to tumorigenesis. We examined their expression in three different groups of colorectal cancer [i.e., microsatellite stable (MSS), microsatellite instable (MSI), and hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC)]. First, we analyzed gene expression profiles of 113 specimens by a microarray method to study the expression of various CA isozymes in the subgroups of colorectal cancer. The results indicated that mRNAs for CA II and CA XII are down-regulated and CA IX mRNA is up-regulated in all three tumor categories when compared with the normal tissue. The up-regulation of CA IX was greatest in the HNPCC group. For more information, 77 specimens were immunohistochemically stained to study the levels of CA II, CA IX, and CA XII. Immunohistochemical analyses further confirmed that the subgroups express CA II, CA IX, and CA XII differentially, and the HNPCC tumors express high levels of CA IX. Expression of these CAs did not correlate to Dukes stage or grade of differentiation. Our results show that CAs are differentially expressed in the subgroups of colorectal cancer, and CA IX expression seems to be very high in most cases of HNPCC. CA IX could be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target in HNPCC. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(9):1760–6)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonic Anhydrase IX Is Highly Expressed in Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer

Niemelä¹,

Hynninen

Mecklin∥³

et al. 2007

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers &Amp; Prevention

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“…The CA isozymes differ in several important characteristics, such as kinetic properties, susceptibility to inhibitors, and subcellular localization. The α-CA gene family has been reported to include at least 13 active isoforms with different structural and catalytic properties [1][2][3][4][5]. CA isozymes II, IX and XII have been extensively studied for their important role as promising biomarkers in different tumors, for example astrocytic tumors [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonic anhydrase VII–a potential prognostic marker in gliomas

Bootorabi¹,

Haapasalo²,

Smith³

et al. 2011

Health

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Carbonic anhydrase VII (CA VII) is a cytosolic enzyme expressed in several organs, including the human brain, but it has not been investigated earlier in any tumors. We designed the present study to evaluate CA VII expression in a cohort of human diffuse astrocytomas, mixed oligoastrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas. CA VII immunostaining was correlated to clinicopathologic findings, survival data, and expression of other molecular factors, including Ki-67, p53 protein and epidermal growth factor receptor. CA VII-positive staining was observed in 94% of astrocytomas and 85% of oligodendrogliomas. In the tumor specimens, strong positive areas were often located in close proximity to necrosis. The CA VII immunoreactivity showed positive correlation with tumor malignancy grades of astrocytomas (p = 0.02, chi-square test). In all tumor categories, CA VII-positive staining was often seen in the endothelial cells of neovessels in addition to the tumor cells. CA VII intensity showed no significant association with p53 nor did it correlate with the amplification of epidermal growth factor receptor (analyzed only in astrocytomas) or cell proliferation. Our present results show that CA VII may act as a useful biomarker in histopathologic diagnostics of gliomas. The high expression of CA VII in the tumor cells and endothelium suggests important roles for the enzyme in tumor metabolism. The results also led us to conclude that CA VII might serve as a marker of poor prognosis in diffuse astrocytomas.

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“…Numerous isoforms of CA have been identified and determined at both the protein level and the DNA level (3,5,14,16). The expression patterns of CA are different in each tissue.…”

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Sexual dimorphism in LEC rat liver: Suppression of carbonic anhydrase III by copper accumulation during hepatocarcinogenesis

et al. 2011

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We examined age-related changes in the protein expression of carbonic anhydrase III (CAIII) in livers of Long-Evans with a cinnamon-like color (LEC) rats using an agouti color (LEA) rats as controls. The levels of the protein of CAIII in the liver of LEC male rats increased before 20 weeks of age, at the stage of acute hepatitis, and were decreased at 54 weeks of age, while those of CAIII in the liver of LEA male rats were highly expressed at all ages. In the normal LEA rats, CAIII showed sexual dimorphism. The level of CAIII in LEA male rat liver relative to female was four times higher. On the other hand, young LEC rat (at 4-12 weeks) showed a higher protein level of CAIII than LEA rats, and then decreased during development of hepatitis. CAIII mRNA also decreased in the LEC rat liver during hepatocarcinogenesis. The level of CAIII in the tumor region was lower than that in the tumor-free region. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that glutathione S-transferase P (GST-P) was positive and CAIII was negative in the precancerous region. The expression of CAIII was suppressed in cancerous lesions in hepatoma-bearing LEC rat liver compared to uninvolved surrounding tissues. These results indicated that suppression of CAIII accompanied hepatocarcinogenesis and it is a secondary consequence of the high copper levels in the liver.

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Characterization of CA XIII, a Novel Member of the Carbonic Anhydrase Isozyme Family

Cited by 222 publications

References 35 publications

Carbonic Anhydrase IX Is Highly Expressed in Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer

Carbonic Anhydrase IX Is Highly Expressed in Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer

Carbonic anhydrase VII–a potential prognostic marker in gliomas

Sexual dimorphism in LEC rat liver: Suppression of carbonic anhydrase III by copper accumulation during hepatocarcinogenesis

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