Characterization of biological diversity through analysis of discrete cranial traits

Hanihara, Tsunehiko; Ishida, Hajime; Dodo, Yukio

doi:10.1002/ajpa.10233

Cited by 112 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The sample names and sizes with the brief information used in this study for the second dataset are presented in Table 2. The information for these samples is also given elsewhere (Hanihara and Ishida, 2001a, b, c, d, e;Hanihara et al, 2003). The Jomon sample included in the first dataset is added to the second dataset.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological affinities between Jomon and Ainu: reassessment based on nonmetric cranial traits

Shigematsu

Ishida

Goto

et al. 2004

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This study reevaluates the relationship between the prehistoric Jomon and modern Ainu based on 18 nonmetric cranial traits. Although the two Ainu series from the northeast coast and central/ southern regions of Hokkaido Island are always associated with Jomon, significant differences between the Ainu and Jomon were detected in the frequencies of seven traits: metopism, supraorbital foramen, ovale-spinosum confluence, hypoglossal canal bridging, jugular foramen bridging, biasterionic suture vestige, and occipitomastoid bone. Regarding these traits, the Ainu series are more similar to the Okhotsk than to the Jomon series.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological affinities between Jomon and Ainu: reassessment based on nonmetric cranial traits

Shigematsu

Ishida

Goto

et al. 2004

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“…The first author and co-workers have investigated the migration and differentiation patterns of the northeast Asian populations from analyses of craniometric and nonmetric traits (Ishida, 1990(Ishida, , 1992(Ishida, , 1993(Ishida, , 1994(Ishida, , 1995(Ishida, , 1996Ishida and Dodo, 1996;Hanihara et al, 2003;Komesu et al, 2008); however, most of these phenotypic variations were analyzed by classical multivariate methods such as the Mahalanobis' generalized distance analysis using only male series.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Craniometric divergence history of the Japanese populations

Ishida

Hanihara

Kondo

et al. 2009

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The Japan Islands, a small island chain on the western rim of the circum-Pacific region, have experienced several cultural contacts and human migrations from northern and eastern continental Asia. In this study, craniometric diversification of Asian peoples was assessed using the R-matrix method based on 21 metric traits in 25 representative male and female samples of prehistoric and modern northeastern and eastern Asians, including inhabitants of the Japan Islands. The prehistoric series show, in general, greater observed variance than expected. In the Japanese series, the greater than expected variation of the Jomon is strongly contrasted with the lower level of variability seen in the continental immigrant Yayoi, suggesting a founder effect stemming from the small population size of the initial immigrants represented by the Yayoi series. Scattergrams based on the morphological distances transformed from the R-matrix showed that the Jomon, Ainu, and prehistoric Okhotsk (northeastern immigrants to the Japan Islands) were isolated from the main eastern and northeastern Asian cluster, suggesting greater phenotypic diversity in the Japan Islanders. Despite less variability in the Yayoi series, the phenotypic contribution of the Yayoi to the main-island Japanese populations was considerable, probably because of the existence of successive immigrants after the Yayoi period and/or a higher growth rate of the Yayoi immigrant groups. An assessment of intra-regional variation of the five major Asian regional series by the R-matrix method confirmed that the Japanese series representing populations living on small islands have greater craniometric diversity than the Arctic and Coastal northeastern Asian samples.

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“…Ossenberg (1994) and Hanihara et al (2003) demonstrated that nonmetric cranial variation, when considered as a whole, varies across regions and periods in a manner matching neutral expectations. Such findings may allow us to fruitfully discuss a plausible population history for northern Vietnam.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Cranial nonmetric traits have been widely accepted to be effective for reconstructing population histories, not only within limited geographic regions but also globally Ossenberg, 1994;Dodo and Kawakubo, 2002;Hanihara et al, 2003;Dodo and Sawada, 2010). The occurrences of cranial nonmetric traits were compared between the temporally disparate skeletal sequences discussed above for the Hoabinhian, Pre-Pottery Neolithic (PPNC, essentially Da But series), Neolithic Man Bac, and Metal period assemblages available for study in northern Vietnam, to test the validity of two-layer hypothesis as a model for understanding the population history of Southeast Asia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population history of northern Vietnamese inferred from nonmetric cranial trait variation

Hanihara

Matsumura

Kawakubo

et al. 2012

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In this study, nine nonmetric cranial traits were recorded for ancient human remains excavated at early prehistoric (the late Pleistocene, early Holocene, and Pre-Pottery Neolithic) and late prehistoric (the Neolithic and early Iron age) archeological sites in northern Vietnam. The comparative samples consist of prehistoric and early historic crania from the lower Yangtze River basin, together with recent cranial series from Vietnam, Thailand, South China, and Australia. The results, based mainly on the measure of divergence, are as follows: (1) the early prehistoric northern Vietnam group is distinct from the subsequent inhabitants of northern Vietnam and neighboring populations; (2) the cranial series of northern Vietnam and the surrounding region from the late prehistoric to recent times through early historic period exhibit relative homogeneity, suggesting population continuity; (3) the recent Han Chinese from southern China, one of the possible representatives of East Asians, are relatively distant from all groups from the prehistoric age onwards; and (4) a clear separation of Aboriginal Australians from all the comparative samples, including the early prehistoric northern Vietnamese, is evident. These findings suggest partial support for the two opposing hypotheses, i.e. the two-layer model and the regional-continuity model, for the population history of Southeast Asians, at least, in the northern Vietnamese region. This may be further compatible with the recent hypothesis for modern human dispersals: an earlier out-of-Africa expansion of Australians than other contemporary Eurasians including Southeast Asians.

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Characterization of biological diversity through analysis of discrete cranial traits

Cited by 112 publications

References 54 publications

Morphological affinities between Jomon and Ainu: reassessment based on nonmetric cranial traits

Morphological affinities between Jomon and Ainu: reassessment based on nonmetric cranial traits

Craniometric divergence history of the Japanese populations

Population history of northern Vietnamese inferred from nonmetric cranial trait variation

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