Characterization of biofilms formed on polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on the shore of the Tuul River, Mongolia

Battulga, Batdulam; Kawahigashi, Masayuki; Oyuntsetseg, Bolormaa

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2022.113329

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The sediment of the Tuul River in Mongolia had relatively high MP, probably because the study area was located in Ulaanbaatar, the capital city of Mongolia, which is more densely populated than other cities therein. There were substantial human activities along the section of the Tuul River in the study area, including a large organic farm [21]. While the levels of MP in sediments are related to human activities, the long-range transboundary transport of MP through river flows in the landlocked nations might lead to an uneven distribution of MP, with less densely populated areas sometimes recording higher MP levels than the more populated areas [17].…”

Section: Abundance Of Mpmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The MP abundances in the studies varied considerably. For sediments, dried samples from the Caspian Sea basin of Kazakhstan recorded the highest content of MP (862 items/kg), followed by those from the Tuul River in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia (603 ± 251 items/kg) [11,21]. On the Iranian side of the Caspian Sea near Turkmenistan, dried sediment samples contained an average of 15-46 MP/kg (Table 1).…”

Section: Abundance Of Mpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MP in and near the landlocked countries were dominated by those of the smaller fractions. The most common fraction is >500 µm [18,20,21]. Within this fraction, Malygina et al reported that MP sized 31-60 nm were most common [17], while D'Hont et al found those < 35 µm were most abundant [11].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Mpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study on PS MP retrieved from the shore of the Tuul River, Mongolia, revealed the presence of bacterial and fungal nitrogenous organic substances in the biofilms associated with the MP in addition to plant residues and minerals entrapped (Table 1). The MP underwent various degrees of aging in the environment, as evidenced by surface oxidation [35]. Mixed-type MP such as PET-nylon and PET-PS were also reported [18].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Mpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The predominant colors of MP in the environmental samples of the landlocked nations varied between white, black, grey, and red, with white-colored MP observed to be most abundant in two studies [21,29]. White plastic materials are, in fact, commonly encountered, particularly as parts or the entirety of packaging, utensils, tools, and clothing.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Mpmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Microplastics in and Near Landlocked Countries of Central and East Asia: A Review of Occurrence and Characteristics

Tang

2023

Trop. Aqua. Soil Pollut.

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The detection of microplastics in the water and sediment samples of the landlocked countries in central and eastern Asia means the relatively less populous countries are not spared from microplastic pollution. It is crucial to understand the severity of microplastic pollution in and near those countries since there are significantly fewer regional studies on microplastic pollution conducted for those countries. This review aims to systematically present the occurrence and characteristics of microplastics in and near the landlocked countries to shed light on the severity of microplastic pollution therein. It analyzed the contents of more than 38 papers to achieve its aim. Of all the landlocked countries, Mongolia has the most studies on microplastic pollution, while there are none for Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. For dried sediment samples, the microplastic contents ranged from 862 items/kg in the Tuul River of Mongolia to 15–46 items/kg on the Iranian side of the Caspian Sea near Turkmenistan. Lake Hovsgol in Mongolia recorded a microplastic density of 20,264 items/km2, whereas the Selenga River system had a mean microplastic density of 120.14 items/km2. Microplastics concentrations in the Caspian Sea varied, with areas near the southwest of Turkmenistan having microplastics concentrations ranging from 0.000246 items/l to 0.710 items/l. The microplastics levels in the countries are comparable to those of other regions in the world, indicating the impacts of human activities on microplastic pollution. Some microplastics might also have entered the countries through long-range transport by air and water from areas of higher human activity.

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Section: Abundance Of Mpmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Abundance Of Mpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characteristics Of Mpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characteristics Of Mpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characteristics Of Mpmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microplastics in and Near Landlocked Countries of Central and East Asia: A Review of Occurrence and Characteristics

Tang

2023

Trop. Aqua. Soil Pollut.

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Generation of macro- and microplastic databases by high-throughput FTIR analysis with microplate readers

Cowger,

Roscher,

Jebens

et al. 2024

Anal Bioanal Chem

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FTIR spectral identification is today’s gold standard analytical procedure for plastic pollution material characterization. High-throughput FTIR techniques have been advanced for small microplastics (10–500 µm) but less so for large microplastics (500–5 mm) and macroplastics (> 5 mm). These larger plastics are typically analyzed using ATR, which is highly manual and can sometimes destroy particles of interest. Furthermore, spectral libraries are often inadequate due to the limited variety of reference materials and spectral collection modes, resulting from expensive spectral data collection. We advance a new high-throughput technique to remedy these problems using FTIR microplate readers for measuring large particles (> 500 µm). We created a new reference database of over 6000 spectra for transmission, ATR, and reflection spectral collection modes with over 600 plastic, organic, and mineral reference materials relevant to plastic pollution research. We also streamline future analysis in microplate readers by creating a new particle holder for transmission measurements using off-the-shelf parts and fabricating a nonplastic 96-well microplate for storing particles. We determined that particles should be presented to microplate readers as thin as possible due to thick particles causing poor-quality spectra and identifications. We validated the new database using Open Specy and demonstrated that additional transmission and reflection spectra reference data were needed in spectral libraries. Graphical abstract

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Role of Microplastics in Global Warming and Climate Change: A Review

Parvez,

Ullah,

Faruk

et al. 2024

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Microplastics (MPs) have become an important concern among scientists and policymakers all around the globe. Despite this, the contribution of MPs to global warming and climate change, a significant aspect of the issue, has been overlooked. Continuous greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions resulting in climate change have long been a major issue with apparent consequences. Climate change and plastic crises are threatening our planet, and the co-occurrence of both would be catastrophic. This article addressed the links between microplastic pollution and climate change; how MPs contribute to climate change by interacting with water, air, and soil; and recommendations to address the issues together. Throughout their lives, plastics emit GHG. MPs in water impede the climate change mitigation potential of the ocean in different ways; they hamper photosynthesis and carbon sequestration by phytoplankton and the Blue Carbon Ecosystem. MPs induce GHG emissions from the soil. Airborne MPs have the potential to aid in cloud formation and interfere with atmospheric cooling. Climate change–induced extreme events redistribute MPs in the environment, causing the pollution to increase vertically and horizontally, which then aggravates the situation in a feedback loop. The evidence acquired in the study implies that MPs and climate change are inextricably linked and that MPs play a vital role in fueling climate change. This bridges the gap between MPs and climate change issues that were previously regarded separately. Due to the linkages between these intertwined challenges, integrated and holistic research and policy measures are required to address both crises concurrently.

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Characterization of biofilms formed on polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on the shore of the Tuul River, Mongolia

Cited by 21 publications

References 53 publications

Microplastics in and Near Landlocked Countries of Central and East Asia: A Review of Occurrence and Characteristics

Microplastics in and Near Landlocked Countries of Central and East Asia: A Review of Occurrence and Characteristics

Generation of macro- and microplastic databases by high-throughput FTIR analysis with microplate readers

Role of Microplastics in Global Warming and Climate Change: A Review

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