Characterization of Beet curly top Iran virus infecting eggplant and pepper in north-eastern Iran

Tahan, Vahid; Heydarnejad, Jahangir; Jafarpour, Behrooz

doi:10.1007/s42360-020-00218-x

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Beta vulgaris (beet), Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima (beet), Capsicum frutescens (pepper), Exomis microphylla, Phaseolus vulgaris (bean), Spinacia oleracea (spinach), Solanum lycopersicum (tomato), Solanum melongena (eggplant) and Vigna unguiculata (black-eyed pea) [31,[87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94].…”

Section: Thus Far Becurtoviruses Have Been Found To Infect Eudicotyledonous Plants Of the Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New World Cactaceae Plants Harbor Diverse Geminiviruses

Fontenele

Salywon

Majure

et al. 2021

Viruses

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The family Cactaceae comprises a diverse group of typically succulent plants that are native to the American continent but have been introduced to nearly all other continents, predominantly for ornamental purposes. Despite their economic, cultural, and ecological importance, very little research has been conducted on the viral community that infects them. We previously identified a highly divergent geminivirus that is the first known to infect cacti. Recent research efforts in non-cultivated and asymptomatic plants have shown that the diversity of this viral family has been under-sampled. As a consequence, little is known about the effects and interactions of geminiviruses in many plants, such as cacti. With the objective to expand knowledge on the diversity of geminiviruses infecting cacti, we used previously acquired high-throughput sequencing results to search for viral sequences using BLASTx against a viral RefSeq protein database. We identified two additional sequences with similarity to geminiviruses, for which we designed abutting primers and recovered full-length genomes. From 42 cacti and five scale insects, we derived 42 complete genome sequences of a novel geminivirus species that we have tentatively named Opuntia virus 2 (OpV2) and 32 genomes of an Opuntia-infecting becurtovirus (which is a new strain of the spinach curly top Arizona virus species). Interspecies recombination analysis of the OpV2 group revealed several recombinant regions, in some cases spanning half of the genome. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that OpV2 is a novel geminivirus more closely related to viruses of the genus Curtovirus, which was further supported by the detection of three recombination events between curtoviruses and OpV2. Both OpV2 and Opuntia becurtoviruses were identified in mixed infections, which also included the previously characterized Opuntia virus 1. Viral quantification of the co-infected cactus plants compared with single infections did not show any clear trend in viral dynamics that might be associated with the mixed infections. Using experimental Rhizobium-mediated inoculations, we found that the initial accumulation of OpV2 is facilitated by co-infection with OpV1. This study shows that the diversity of geminiviruses that infect cacti is under-sampled and that cacti harbor diverse geminiviruses. The detection of the Opuntia becurtoviruses suggests spill-over events between viruses of cultivated species and native vegetation. The threat this poses to cacti needs to be further investigated.

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Section: Thus Far Becurtoviruses Have Been Found To Infect Eudicotyledonous Plants Of the Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New World Cactaceae Plants Harbor Diverse Geminiviruses

Fontenele

Salywon

Majure

et al. 2021

Viruses

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“…Nevertheless, infection of the resistant sugar beet cultivars at early stages has been reported to increase the incidence of the disease and cause significant yield limitations in recent years [ 3 ]. In the last decades, a divergent curly top virus, Beet Curly Top Iran Virus (BCTIV), has also been reported to be a dominant and widespread virus for the sugar beet in the Middle East (e.g., Iran and Turkey) [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. The BCTIV infection caused significant annual damage and yield reduction for sugar beet production in the region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With this study, the existence of BCTIV species was revealed for the first time outside of Iran. Many studies have stressed that BCTIV-dependent diseases would be more aggressive in the future with the increase in global warming and would be one of the main devastating agents for agricultural production in Middle East [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 10 ]. Therefore, an effective strategy should be improved and applied for the inhibition of viral spread and BCTD formation in agricultural plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Highly Efficient Resistance to Beet Curly Top Iran Virus (Becurtovirus) in Sugar Beet (B. vulgaris) via CRISPR/Cas9 System

Yıldırım

Kavas

Küçük

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Beet Curly Top Iran Virus (BCTIV, Becurtovirus) is a dominant and widespread pathogen responsible for great damage and yield reduction in sugar beet production in the Mediterranean and Middle East. CRISPR-based gene editing is a versatile tool that has been successfully used in plants to improve resistance against many viral pathogens. In this study, the efficiency of gRNA/Cas9 constructs targeting the expressed genes of BCTIV was assessed in sugar beet leaves by their transient expression. Almost all positive control sugar beets revealed systemic infection and severe disease symptoms (90%), with a great biomass reduction (68%) after BCTIV agroinoculation. On the other hand, sugar beets co-agronioculated with BCTIV and gRNA/Cas9 indicated much lower systemic infection (10–55%), disease symptoms and biomass reduction (13–45%). Viral inactivation was also verified by RCA and qPCR assays for gRNA/Cas9 treated sugar beets. PCR-RE digestion and sequencing assays confirmed the gRNA/Cas9-mediated INDEL mutations at the target sites of the BCTIV genome and represented high efficiencies (53–88%), especially for those targeting BCTIV’s movement gene and its overlapping region between capsid and ssDNA regulator genes. A multiplex CRISPR approach was also tested. The most effective four gRNAs targeting all the genes of BCTIV were cloned into a Cas9-containing vector and agroinoculated into virus-infected sugar beet leaves. The results of this multiplex CRISPR system revealed almost complete viral resistance with inhibition of systemic infection and mutant escape. This is the first report of CRSIPR-mediated broad-spectrum resistance against Becurtovirus in sugar beet.

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