“…Although the microbial communities in oil and gas fields have been analyzed extensively (3,5,12,17,21), those inhabiting the walls of pipelines transporting oil, water, or gas are only beginning to be characterized (10,15,18,20,25,26,31). Yet understanding these communities is highly relevant, as they contribute to microbially influenced corrosion (MIC), which, along with other forms of corrosion, can lead to pipeline failure.…”