Characterization of Bacteria Isolation of Bacteria from Pinyon Rhizosphere, Producing Biosurfactants from Agro-Industrial Waste

Abstract

A b s t r a c tTwo hundred and fifty bacterial strains were isolated from pinyon rhizosphere and screened for biosurfactants production. Among them, six bacterial strains were selected for their potential to produce biosurfactants using two low cost wastes, crude glycerol and lactoserum, as raw material. Both wastes were useful for producing biosurfactants because of their high content in fat and carbohydrates. The six strains were identified by 16S rDNA with an identity percentage higher than 95%, three strains belonged to Enterobacter sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus pumilus and Rhizobium sp. All strains assayed were able to grow and showed halos around the colonies as evidence of biosurfactants production on Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide agar with crude glycerol and lactoserum as substrate. In a mineral salt liquid medium enriched with both wastes, the biosurfactants were produced and collected from free cell medium after 72 h incubation. The biosurfactants produced reduced the surface tension from 69 to 30 mN/m with an emulsification index of diesel at approximately 60%. The results suggest that biosurfactants produced by rhizosphere bacteria from pinyon have promising environmental applications. 184the lack of knowledge about the interaction between microbes and pinyon roots.Additionally, agro-industrial organic wastes has recently been used as substrate to cultivate BS due to its low cost and high availability (Cassidy and Hudak, 2001;Kitamoto et al., 2002; Abbasi et al., 2012;. It is well known that wastes from palm oil, canola oil, soybean, glycerol and buttermilk, may be used to achieve an increase in production of about ten times in the mass of BS produced higher than that obtained when the production media contain glucose as the carbon source (Makkar and Cameotra, 2002). For instance, Ron and Rosenberg (2001) and Abbasi et al. (2012) demonstrated that BS can be produced by P. aeruginosa through fruit wastes, waste vegetable oil and foodindustry wastes as the substrate. In this context, agroindustrial wastes generated in Chiapas are low cost raw material, renewable and abundant throughout the year, with a total generation of about 28-140 thousand tons per year. These wastes include crops and processing residues of corn, coffee, cocoa, mango, banana, oil palm and buttermilk (SAGARPA, 2007; Valdéz-Vázquez et al., 2010). Likewise, huge amounts of glycerol were generated from the biodiesel fuel production in Chiapas during a 5 years operation period and, because this crude glycerol is expensive to purify for use in other industries, it remains without any disposal method and becoming a significant environmental problem, but potentially valuable as substrate to produce BS.Hence, the isolation of bacteria strains from pinyon rhizosphere capable of biosurfactant production by using four agro-industrial wastes as substrate is of interest in commercial production. In the present study, the presence of potential biosurfactant producer bacteria was determined by the formation of a complex with CTAB w...

Improved Biosurfactant Production by Enterobacter cloacae B14, Stability Studies, and its Antimicrobial Activity

“…This activity was also higher than that of some other Enterobacter spp. such as strain SF-4 (40%) ( Batool et al 2017 ), strain LS1 (44%), strain CG101 (15%), and LS8 (50%) ( Wong-Villarreal et al 2016 ). The amount of BS obtained per gram cell dry weight was (39.8 ± 5.2) mg (Fig.…”

“…Our results suggested that a cell-free broth from B14 cultures can be used directly as an antimicrobial agent without purification of BS. It could significantly reduce the cost of BS production (Wong-Villarreal et al 2016). This paper aimed 3 281 to investigate emulsification activity because it is the major property that helps diminish biofilm formation by pathogens, and thus involves the antimicrobial activity of the compound.…”

Mechanical and Biological Properties of Titanium and Its Alloys for Oral Implant with Preparation Techniques: A Review

“…Traditional antibacterial materials include polyethene glycol [106], plant polyphenol [107], and biosurfactants [108]. Nowadays, nanotextured surfaces have become a relatively new field in bacteria in this complex oral environment, and they may support longstanding peri-implant health [134].…”