Characterization of Autochthonous Strains from the Cecal Content of Creole Roosters for a Potential Use as Probiotics

Abstract

Five strains (CLP2, CLP3, CLP4, CLP5, and CLP6) were isolated from the cecal content of Creole roosters fed without antibiotic growth promoters. Biochemical and morphological tests (negative catalase and oxidase) confirmed the presence of lactic acid bacteria. Additionally, considering the 16s RNA, Lactobacillus vaginalis (CLP2, CLP3, CLP5, and CLP6) and Lactobacillus reuteri (CLP4) were identified. All strains (mainly CLP4 and CLP5) showed variable and significant growth (p < 0.001) at different levels of pH. Likewise, all bacterial cultures were quantified at 42 °C, although only strains CLP4 and CLP5 managed to grow at 30 °C. Additionally, the CLP4, CLP5, and CLP6 strains grew from 0.05 to 0.30% of biliary salts. However, only the CLP4 isolate grew at different concentrations of NaCl (2–10%), and CLP5 grew at 2% NaCl. The CLP4 strain was able to inhibit the in vitro growth of enterobacteria such as Escherichia coli ATCC® 11775TM, Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC® 14028TM, and Clostridium perfringens ATCC® 13124TM. In addition, CLP4 had lower sensitivity in the presence of amoxicillin and tetracycline compared to these pathogenic bacteria. Considering these in vitro results, it is necessary to carry out in vivo studies with the CLP4 strain to test the hypothesis of its probiotic effect in poultry.

Characterization and Assessment of Native Lactic Acid Bacteria from Broiler Intestines for Potential Probiotic Properties

“…It is widely acknowledged that infections caused by zoonotic and food−borne enteric pathogens can lead to high morbidity and mortality, ultimately resulting in significant economic losses in the poultry industry [30]. Thus, antimicrobial activity against these pathogens is a major requirement for selecting potential probiotics [5]. In this study, 10 of 44 LAB strains showed broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against the four pathogens tested (Figure 2A).…”

“…194, enforced a ban on commercial feed containing growth-promoting drug additives (except for Chinese herbal medicines), effective from 1 July 2020 [3]. However, the use of subtherapeutic antibiotics in the breeding industry is still permitted in some countries, like China, to combat bacterial diseases, which can provoke greater bacterial resistance [4,5]. As a result, researchers have been exploring safe, cost-effective, and efficient alternatives to ensure the long-term sustainability of the livestock and poultry industry [3].…”

“…As a result, researchers have been exploring safe, cost-effective, and efficient alternatives to ensure the long-term sustainability of the livestock and poultry industry [3]. Unquestionably, probiotics continue to be the most promising natural candidates [5]. In response, there has been a surge of interest in employing probiotics as an alternative to antibiotics in livestock and poultry production for disease prevention and enhanced growth performance [6].…”

“…Probiotics are non-pathogenic living microorganisms that confer health benefits when administered in appropriate quantities [7]. They are primarily sourced from dairy products, food, fermented products, animal and human gastrointestinal tracts, and so on [5,6,8]. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), encompassing various species such as Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Streptococcus, Lactococcus, Vagococcus, Leuconostoc, Oenococcus, Weissella, Carnobacterium, and Tetragenococcus, have been extensively researched as probiotics over the years [9].…”

“…Despite the development of a substantial number of commercially available probiotic strains in recent decades, there remains a pressing need for superior strains compared to the existing ones [6]. Moreover, the viability and inconsistent results of probiotic strains in many cases hinder their widespread use [5]. By comparison, isolating probiotic strains from their natural hosts is highly desirable, as such native strains are already adapted to the gastrointestinal tract.…”