Characterization of atmospheric Black Carbon over a semi-urban site of Southeast India: Local sources and long-range transport

Prasad, P. Durga; Raman, M. Roja; Ratnam, M. Venkat; Chen, Wei-Nai; Rao, S. Vijaya Bhaskara; Gogoi, Mukunda M.; Kompalli, Sobhan Kumar; Kotamraju, Sarat K.; Babu, S. Suresh

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.06.024

Cited by 36 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…If α ff = 2 and α wb = 1 are applied in accordance with the literature ( Kirchstetter and Thatcher, 2012 ; Prasad et al, 2018 ), then the contribution from fossil fuel is determined according to the different levels of RMPHE, as shown in Fig. 5 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and control measures on air quality and aerosol light absorption in Southwestern China

Chen

Zhang

Peng

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

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China has been performing nationwide social lockdown by releasing the Level 1 response to major public health emergencies (RMPHE) to struggle against the COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak since late January 2020. During the Level 1 RMPHE, social production and public transport were maintained at minimal levels, and residents stayed in and worked from home. The universal impact of anthropogenic activities on air pollution can be evaluated by comparing it with air quality under such extreme conditions. We investigated the concentration of both gaseous and particulate pollutants and aerosol light absorption at different levels of (RMPHE) in an urban area of southwestern China. During the lockdown, PM 2.5 , PM 10 , SO 2 , NO x , and BC decreased by 30–50%, compared to the pre-Level 1 RMPHE period. Meanwhile, the decrease of NO x caused the rise of O 3 by up to 2.3 times due to the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) limitation. The aerosol light absorption coefficient at multiple wavelengths decreased by 50%, and AAE decreased by 20% during the Level 1 RMPHE. BrC played essential roles in light absorption after the RMPHE was announced, accounting for 54.0% of the aerosol absorption coefficient at 370 nm. Moreover, the lockdown down-weighted the fraction of fossil fuel in BC concentrations to 0.43 (minima). This study characterizes air pollution at the most basic level and can provide policymakers with references for the “baseline.”

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and control measures on air quality and aerosol light absorption in Southwestern China

Chen

Zhang

Peng

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Modifications were conducted in the Xact-625 design to realize the measurement of Si, because it is a tracer of fugitive dust source (Taylor and Mclennan,1995). The BC mass concentration represented a large fraction in the atmosphere (Prasad et al, 2018), and the advanced AE-31 with 5 min temporal resolution was used for continuous monitoring of the BC mass concentration at seven wavelengths viz., 370,470,525,590,660,880, and 950 nm. Due to strong absorption of BC aerosols at 880 nm, the mass concentrations measured at this wavelength were considered as a standard for BC measurements (Prasad et al, 2018).…”

Section: Instrument Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and application of a mass closure PM<sub>2.5</sub> composition online monitoring system

Su¹,

Xing²,

Huang³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Online instruments have been widely applied for the measurement of PM2.5 and its chemical components; however, these instruments have a major shortcoming in terms of the lack or limited number of species in field measurements. To this end, a new mass closure PM2.5 online integrated system was developed and applied in this work to achieve more comprehensive information on chemical species in PM2.5. For the new system, one isokinetic sampling system for PM2.5 was coupled with an aerosol chemical speciation monitor (Aerodyne, ACSM), an Aethalometer (Magee, AE-31), an automated multimetals monitor (Cooper Corporation, Xact-625), and a hybrid synchronized ambient particulate real-time analyzer monitor (Thermo Scientific, SHARP-5030i) to enable high-resolution temporal (1 h) measurements of organic matter, SO42−, NO3−, Cl−, NH4+, black carbon and important elements as well as PM2.5 mass concentrations. The new online integrated system was first deployed in Shenzhen, China to measure the PM2.5 composition from 25 September to 30 October 2019. Our results showed that the average PM2.5 concentration in this work was 33 μg m−3, and the measured species well-reconstructed the PM2.5 and almost formed a mass closure (94 %). The multilinear engine (ME-2) model was employed for the comprehensive online PM2.5 chemical dataset to apportion the sources with predetermined constraints, in which the organic ion fragment m/z 44 in ACSM data was used as the tracer for secondary organic aerosol (SOA). Nine sources were determined and obtained reasonable time series and diurnal variations in this study, including identified SOA (23 %), secondary sulfate (22 %), vehicle emissions (18 %), biomass burning (11 %), coal burning (8.0 %), secondary nitrate (5.3 %), fugitive dust (3.8 %), ship emissions (3.7 %), and industrial emissions (2.1 %). The potential source contribution function (PSCF) analysis indicated that the major source areas could be the region north of the sampling site. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first system that can perform online measurements of PM2.5 components with a mass closure, thus providing a new powerful tool for PM2.5 long-term daily measurement and source apportionment.

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“…The BC and PAHs are major constitutes of PM 2.5 in the atmosphere. BC and organic carbon (OC) are two essential components of carbonaceous aerosols, which are the most significant segments of airborne particles (Prasad et al 2018 ). Some new studies reported that BC might be second-most elevated compared to the greenhouse effect (GHE) and CO 2 (Liu et al 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some new studies reported that BC might be second-most elevated compared to the greenhouse effect (GHE) and CO 2 (Liu et al 2018 ). Furthermore, BC is also responsible for glacier melting due to its deposition on snow’s surface (Prasad et al 2018 ). BC has the physical property to absorb visible light because of its dark or intense black color (Cachier 1995 ; Hansen et al 1984 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 lockdowns reduce the Black carbon and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of the Asian atmosphere: source apportionment and health hazard evaluation

Ambade

Sankar

Kumar

et al. 2021

Environ Dev Sustain

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The entire world is affected by Coronavirus disease , which is spreading worldwide in a short time. India is one of the countries which is affected most, therefore, the Government of India has implemented several lockdowns in the entire country from April 25, 2020. We studied air pollutants (i.e., PM 2.5 , Black Carbon (BC), and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) level, and observed significantly sudden reduced. In India, most of the anthropogenic activities completely stopped. Therefore, we studied the levels of BC, PAHs and PM 2.5 concentrations, their sources apportion, and health risk assessment during normal days, lockdown (from lockdown 1.0 to lockdown 4.0) and unlock down 1.0 situation at Sakchi, Jamshedpur city. It was observed that lockdowns and unlock down situations BC, PAHs and PM 2.5 concentrations were significantly lower than regular days. We applied the advanced air mass back trajectory (AMBT) model to locate airborne particulate matter dispersal from different directions to strengthen the new result. The diagnostic ratio analyses of BC shows that wood burning contribution was too high during the lockdown situations. However, during normal days, the PAHs source profile was dedicated toward biomass, coal burning, and vehicle emission as primary sources of PAHs. During the lockdown period, emission from biomass and coal burning was a significant contributor to PAHs. The summaries of health risk assessment of BC quantified an equal number of passively smoked cigarettes (PSC) for an individual situation was studied. This study focuses on the overall climate impact of pandemic situations.

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Characterization of atmospheric Black Carbon over a semi-urban site of Southeast India: Local sources and long-range transport

Cited by 36 publications

References 50 publications

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and control measures on air quality and aerosol light absorption in Southwestern China

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and control measures on air quality and aerosol light absorption in Southwestern China

Development and application of a mass closure PM<sub>2.5</sub> composition online monitoring system

COVID-19 lockdowns reduce the Black carbon and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of the Asian atmosphere: source apportionment and health hazard evaluation

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Characterization of atmospheric Black Carbon over a semi-urban site of Southeast India: Local sources and long-range transport

Cited by 36 publications

References 50 publications

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and control measures on air quality and aerosol light absorption in Southwestern China

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and control measures on air quality and aerosol light absorption in Southwestern China

Development and application of a mass closure PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; composition online monitoring system

COVID-19 lockdowns reduce the Black carbon and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of the Asian atmosphere: source apportionment and health hazard evaluation

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Development and application of a mass closure PM<sub>2.5</sub> composition online monitoring system