Characterization of Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract effects on the rumen fungus Neocallimastix frontalis , EB 188. Part 2. Carbon source utilization and effects on zoospore production

Schmidt, Jakob; Albright, Susan N; Calza, G. M.; Calza, R. E.

doi:10.1007/s00253-003-1294-7

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In addition, there were interactions between HMB and AOC in fungi and R. flavefaciens of CWR and in R. albus of CS. The larger HMB×AOC effects on fungi and R. flavefaciens with AOC could partly be explained by Schmidt et al (2004) who found that AOC accelerated the production and maturation of zoospores of Neocallimastix frontalis EB 188, along with an elevated production of protein and carboxymethy cellulase (CMCase). The mechanisms by which these supplements could impact microbial digestion in the rumen have not yet to be clarified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Aspergillus Oryzae Culture and 2-Hydroxy-4-(Methylthio)-Butanoic Acid on In vitro Rumen Fermentation and Microbial Populations between Different Roughage Sources

Sun

Wang³

et al. 2014

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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An in vitro experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of Aspergillus oryzae culture (AOC) and 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)-butanoic acid (HMB) on rumen fermentation and microbial populations between different roughage sources. Two roughage sources (Chinese wild rye [CWR] vs corn silage [CS]) were assigned in a 2×3 factorial arrangement with HMB (0 or 15 mg) and AOC (0, 3, or 6 mg). Gas production (GP), microbial protein (MCP) and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) were increased in response to addition of HMB and AOC (p<0.01) for the two roughages. The HMB and AOC showed inconsistent effects on ammonia-N with different substrates. For CWR, neither HMB nor AOC had significant effect on molar proportion of individual VFA. For CS, acetate was increased (p = 0.02) and butyrate was decreased (p<0.01) by adding HMB and AOC. Increase of propionate was only occurred with AOC (p<0.01). Populations of protozoa (p≤0.03) and fungi (p≤0.02) of CWR were differently influenced by HMB and AOC. Percentages of F. succinogenes, R. albus, and R. flavefaciens (p<0.01) increased when AOC was added to CWR. For CS, HMB decreased the protozoa population (p = 0.01) and increased the populations of F. succinogenes and R. albus (p≤0.03). Populations of fungi, F. succinogenes (p = 0.02) and R. flavefacien (p = 0.03) were increased by adding AOC. The HMB×AOC interactions were noted in MCP, fungi and R. flavefacien for CWR and GP, ammonia-N, MCP, total VFA, propionate, acetate/propionate (A/P) and R. albus for CS. It is inferred that addition of HMB and AOC could influence rumen fermentation of forages by increasing the number of rumen microbes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Aspergillus Oryzae Culture and 2-Hydroxy-4-(Methylthio)-Butanoic Acid on In vitro Rumen Fermentation and Microbial Populations between Different Roughage Sources

Sun

Wang³

et al. 2014

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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“…It can be used as a prebiotic in calf feed (Beharka et al, 1991), but has more commonly been used in sheep and beef finishing diets (Schmidt et al, 2004;Zerby et al, 2011). Aspergillus oryzae has long been used in the Japanese food industry for fermenting foods such as saki, soy sauce, and miso, and it is regarded as safe because it does not produce aflatoxin (Uchida et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, ruminal measurements, and health characteristics of Holstein bull calves fed an Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract

Yohe

O’Diam

Daniels³

2015

Journal of Dairy Science

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A fermentation extract of the fungus Aspergillus oryzae can be used as a prebiotic. The objective was to determine if dietary inclusion of a fermentation extract of A. oryzae as well as calf age would alter growth, health, performance parameters, and the growth and development of the rumen in Holstein calves from birth thru 1 wk postweaning; it was hypothesized that it would. Purchased bull calves (n=52) that originated from 1 of 13 farms were used in this experiment. All calves had serum IgG greater than 10 mg/mL. Calves were randomly assigned to a slaughter age, 4 (n=16) or 8 wk (n=36), and treatment, control (n=27) or fermentation extract of A. oryzae (AMF; n=25). Calves were housed and fed individually; no bedding was used and no forage was fed. Calves assigned to AMF were fed 2 g of AMF daily. Liquid AMF was delivered in milk replacer for the first 4 wk of the study; solid AMF was top-dressed on texturized starter thereafter. Calves were fed nonmedicated milk replacer twice daily (22.0% crude protein, 20.0% fat, dry matter basis; 680 g/d) and were weaned upon consumption of 0.91 kg of starter (20% crude protein, 2.0% fat; medicated with decoquinate) for 3 consecutive days or on d 45 of the study, whichever came first. Calves had ad libitum access to starter and water throughout the study. Feed intake as well as fecal and respiratory scores were recorded daily; body weight, withers height, and hip height were recorded weekly. Gross rumen measurements and rumen samples for future gross and histological analyses were taken at 4 and 8 wk. All calves grew similarly; weaning age averaged 40.39±0.77 d. Lifetime average daily gain was 0.60±0.05 kg/d and lifetime gain-to-feed ratio was 0.56±0.05. Milk replacer, starter, total dry matter intake, gross and histological rumen measurements, rumen pH, fecal and respiratory scores, and total medical costs were not affected by treatment. Despite total medical costs not differing by treatment, a lower percentage of AMF calves were treated for respiratory ailments and respiratory treatment cost was lower for AMF compared with control. Several factors may have contributed to an overall lack of observed treatment effect in this study, including include the use of a low-forage (compared with concentrate) diet, immunocompetent calves, and the selected product dose and routes of delivery. Dietary inclusion (2 g/d) of an extract of A. oryzae did not affect calf growth, intake, and ruminal or health measurements.

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“…(2000) found that a preparation containing enzymes increased the degradability of dry matter and increased ruminal fluid CMCase activity. Schmidt et al. (2004) reported that extracts of Ao accelerated the production and maturation of zoospores of Neocallimastix frontalis EB 188, with an elevated production of protein and CMCase activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2004), for the addition of a culture of the rumen anaerobic fungus Piromyces communis strain 22 to mixed ruminal micro‐organisms in vitro. In addition, Schmidt et al. (2004) reported that Ao had unidentified components or factors, which were responsible for the stimulation of the zoospore production of the rumen fungus Neocallimastix frontalis EB 188.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar effect was also suggested by Lee et al (2004), for the addition of a culture of the rumen anaerobic fungus Piromyces communis strain 22 to mixed ruminal micro-organisms in vitro. In addition, Schmidt et al (2004) reported that Ao had unidentified components or factors, which were responsible for the stimulation of the zoospore production of the rumen fungus Neocallimastix frontalis EB 188. The development of this fungus is apparently carbon source dependent, with the greatest effect having been recorded when rumen fungi were grown on cellulose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of an aerobic fungus grown on solid culture on ruminal degradability and on a mixture culture of anaerobic cellulolytic bacteria

Hernández-Díaz

Pimentel-González

Figueira

et al. 2010

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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In this work, the effect of a solid fungal culture of Aspergillus niger (An) grown on coffee pulp on the in situ ruminal degradability (RD) of corn stover was evaluated. In addition, the effect of its extracts on the in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD) and on a mixed culture of anaerobic cellulolytic bacteria (MCACB) was also investigated. The solid ferment was a crude culture of An, grown on coffee pulp. Regarding in situ RD, a significant difference (p < 0.05) was found between treatment with 200 g/day of the solid culture and control (no solid culture added) on dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fibre on RD. All the water extracts (pH 4, 7 and 10) enhanced IVDMD and stimulated the cellulolytic activity on a MCACB. Ultrafiltration results showed that active compounds with a molecular weight lower than 30 kDa were responsible for the effect on MCACB. Such results suggest that the effects of the solid An culture in RD are related to the presence of water soluble compounds having a molecular weight lower than 30 kDa.

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Characterization of Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract effects on the rumen fungus Neocallimastix frontalis , EB 188. Part 2. Carbon source utilization and effects on zoospore production

Cited by 6 publications

References 40 publications

Effects of Aspergillus Oryzae Culture and 2-Hydroxy-4-(Methylthio)-Butanoic Acid on In vitro Rumen Fermentation and Microbial Populations between Different Roughage Sources

Effects of Aspergillus Oryzae Culture and 2-Hydroxy-4-(Methylthio)-Butanoic Acid on In vitro Rumen Fermentation and Microbial Populations between Different Roughage Sources

Growth, ruminal measurements, and health characteristics of Holstein bull calves fed an Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract

Influence of an aerobic fungus grown on solid culture on ruminal degradability and on a mixture culture of anaerobic cellulolytic bacteria

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