Characterization of aromatic hydrocarbon formation from pyrolysis of polyethylene-polystyrene mixtures

Koo, Joonhoi; Kim, Seok-Wan; Seo, Young‐Hwa

doi:10.1016/0921-3449(91)90013-e

Cited by 49 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…They reported very high concentrations of naphthalene (18.9 wt% in the oil) and also found significant quantities of 2-methylnaphthalene, 1-methylnaphthalene, ethylnaphthalenes, and dimethylnaphthalenes, as well as a number of PAH that were not investigated in this work. Williams et al [19] proposed that the formation of PAH in polystyrene pyrolysis oil was due to the Diels-Alder reaction, a reaction mechanism that was also proposed by Koo et al [20].…”

Section: Pyrolysis Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of organobromine compounds from the pyrolysis oils of flame retarded plastics using zeolite catalysts

Hall

Williams

2008

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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Two flame retarded plastics have been pyrolysed in the presence of two Zeolite catalysts to remove the organobromine compounds from the derived pyrolysis oil. The flame retarded plastics were, acrylonitrile -butadiene -styrene (ABS) that was flame retarded with tetrabromobisphenol A and high-impact-polystyrene (HIPS) that was flame retarded with decabromodiphenyl ether. The two catalysts investigated were Zeolite ZSM-5 and Y-Zeolite. Pyrolysis was carried out in a fixed bed reactor at a final pyrolysis temperature of 440 ºC. The pyrolysis gases were passed immediately to a fixed bed of the catalyst bed. It was found that the presence of Zeolite catalysts increased the amount of gaseous hydrocarbons produced during pyrolysis but decreased the amount of pyrolysis oil produced. In addition, significant quantities of coke were formed on the surface of the catalysts during pyrolysis. The Zeolite catalysts were found to reduce the formation of some valuable pyrolysis products such as styrene and cumene, but other products such as naphthalene were formed instead. The Zeolite catalysts, especially Y-Zeolite, were found to be very effective at removing volatile organobromine compounds. However, they were less effective at removing antimony bromide from the volatile pyrolysis products, although some antimony bromide was found on the surfaces of the spent catalysts.

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Section: Pyrolysis Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of organobromine compounds from the pyrolysis oils of flame retarded plastics using zeolite catalysts

Hall

Williams

2008

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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“…5 suggests that rapid heating rate pyrolysis caused an intensification of the high temperature effects, resulting in the formation of more aromatic compounds. The aromatic compounds are produced from reactions which involve initially the conversion of alkanes to alkenes, then the conversion of alkenes to monocyclic aromatic compounds via Diels-Alder cyclization reactions [31,32], and finally the conversion of monocyclic compounds to polycyclic compounds. These reactions have been reported to be favoured by high temperature, long residence times and high heating rates.…”

Section: Composition Of Liquid Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Products from the high temperature pyrolysis of RDF at slow and rapid heating rates

Efika

Onwudili

Williams

2015

Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis

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The high-temperature pyrolysis behaviour of a sample of refuse derived fuel (RDF) as a model of municipal solid waste (MSW) was investigated in a horizontal tubular reactor between 700 -900 °C , at varying heating rates, and at an extended vapour residence time.Experiments were designed to evaluate the influence of process conditions on gas yields as well as gas and oil compositions. Pyrolysis of RDF at 800 °C and at rapid heating rate resulted in the gas yield with the highest CV of 24.8 MJ m -3 while pyrolysis to 900 °C at the rapid heating rate generated the highest gas yield but with a lower CV of 21.3 MJ m -3 . A comparison of the effect of heating rates on oil products revealed that the oil from slow pyrolysis, contained higher yields of more oxygenates, alkanes (C8 to C39) and alkenes (C8 to C20), while the oil from rapid pyrolysis contained more aromatics, possibly due to the promotion of Diels-Alder-type reactions. IntroductionThere is a continuously growing need for new and sustainable sources of energy in the world as our populations grow and countries become more developed. There is also an increased demand for renewable sources of energy, resulting in increased interests in the processing of municipal solid waste (MSW) as an energy resource both by biochemical and thermochemical means. Among the thermochemical technologies for MSW conversion, pyrolysis is arguably, the most versatile in relation to the flexibility of obtaining primary products. The application of pyrolysis technology to MSW is quite promising as the energy content of the MSW can be extracted in the form of primary pyrolysis products including gas,

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“…Therefore, the oil derived from the pyrolysis of Br-HIPS and NZ contained smaller amounts of styrene and larger amounts of ethylbenzene. Besides, the high amounts of 2-methylnaphthalene, anthracene and 9-ethenylanthracene compounds in the oil were detected due to the Diels-Alder reaction, which was proposed by Koo et al (1991). It also illustrated the stronger acidity of NZ than the other two additives.…”

Section: Effect Of Additives On the Gas And Oil Productsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Production of Pyrolysis Oil with Low Bromine and Antimony Contents from Plastic Material Containing Brominated Flame Retardants and Antimony Trioxide

H¹,

Shen²,

Harada³

et al. 2014

EER

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Thermal degradation of high impact polystyrene (HIPS) containing brominated flame retardants and antimony trioxide (Sb 2 O 3 ) was conducted at different temperatures with the presence of various additives (red mud, limestone and natural zeolite) in a fixed-bed reactor. The effect of the pyrolysis temperature on the product yield and the bromine content in the oil product was investigated. It was found that the maximum oil yield (84.38 wt.%) was obtained at the pyrolysis temperature of 500 ℃. The pyrolysis temperature had no significant impact on the bromine reduction in the oil products. The bromine in the flame retardant was mainly transferred into the oil products, where the bromine content was in the range of 7.96-8.56 wt.%. With the aim of removing bromine and antimony from the oils, three additives (red mud, limestone and natural zeolite) was used to investigate the influence on the product yield and composition, especially on the bromine and antimony removal ability from the oil products. In this study, it was found that all of the additives could significantly lower the bromine and antimony content in the oils and the red mud was the most effective. The presence of red mud could reduce the bromine and antimony content from 8.21 and 1.84 wt.% when no additive was employed to 0.84 and 0.35 wt.%, respectively. In addition, the distribution and fate of bromine and antimony in the residues were also studied by the SEM-EDX and XRD analysis in detail.

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Characterization of aromatic hydrocarbon formation from pyrolysis of polyethylene-polystyrene mixtures

Cited by 49 publications

References 7 publications

Removal of organobromine compounds from the pyrolysis oils of flame retarded plastics using zeolite catalysts

Removal of organobromine compounds from the pyrolysis oils of flame retarded plastics using zeolite catalysts

Products from the high temperature pyrolysis of RDF at slow and rapid heating rates

Production of Pyrolysis Oil with Low Bromine and Antimony Contents from Plastic Material Containing Brominated Flame Retardants and Antimony Trioxide

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