Characterization of an emerging porcine respirovirus 1 isolate in the US: A novel viral vector for expression of foreign antigens

Li, Yanhua; Yuan, Fuh-Gwo; Yan, Xingyu; Matta, Tori; Cino-Ozuna, Giselle; Fang, Ying

doi:10.1016/j.virol.2022.03.013

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…PRV1 was initially identified in nasopharyngeal samples of slaughterhouse pigs in Hong Kong [ 8 ] and is currently widespread in many countries on three continents [ 3 , 9 , 10 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 17 ]. To date, two PRV1 strains have been isolated from pig nasal swabs and characterized in vitro by two research groups in the USA [ 16 , 17 ]. The pathogenesis of the first PRV1 strain (USA/MN25890NS/2016) was evaluated in conventional and colostrum-deprived/cesarean-derived pigs [ 18 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the nucleus translocation of STAT1 was blocked by these P gene products. Since several P gene products are not essential for the viability of paramyxoviruses, we will further confirm their antagonism function on IFN production and signaling pathway using our PRV1 reverse genetics [ 17 ] to construct recombinant viruses with these products knockout individually.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A PRV1 virus (GenBank accession No. MH396493) isolated previously [ 17 ] was passaged in LLC-MK2 cells, and the culture supernatant was harvested as virus stock for subsequent experiments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PRV1 is usually associated with clinical signs in naturally infected pigs, such as coughing, minor sneezing, and serous nasal discharge [ 9 ], and the co-infection with the influenza virus and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in a respiratory disease may enhance its replication [ 12 ]. Virus isolation from pig nasal swab samples collected in the U.S. herd has been reported [ 16 , 17 ]. In an experimental pig challenge study [ 18 ], the replication of PRV1 was detected in the upper and lower respiratory tracts of four-week-old conventional nursery pigs and six-week-old cesarean-derived/colostrum-deprived pigs, which caused mild lung lesions in conventional pigs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both F and HN proteins are involved in receptor binding, possess neutralizing epitopes, and are the most genetically diverse viral proteins. In addition, the P gene encodes three more accessory proteins, C and V/W proteins, through leaking scanning and mRNA editing, respectively [ 8 , 17 ]. Based on the previous studies in paramyxoviruses [ 19 ], those accessory proteins may be critical for the antagonism of host innate immune responses during PRV1 infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Porcine Respirovirus 1 Suppresses Host Type I Interferon Production and the JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Lǐ

2023

Viruses

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Porcine respirovirus 1 (PRV1), first reported in Hong Kong, is currently widely spread in several countries. Our knowledge of the clinical significance and the pathogenicity of this virus is still limited. In this study, we studied the interactions between PRV1 and host innate immune responses. PRV1 exhibited strong inhibitory effects on the production of interferon (IFN), ISG15, and RIG-I induced by SeV infection. Our data generated in vitro suggest that multiple viral proteins can suppress host type I interferon production and signaling, including N, M, and P/C/V/W. The P gene products disrupt both IRF3 and NF-κB dependent type I IFN production and block type I IFN signaling pathway by sequestering STAT1 in the cytoplasm. The V protein disrupts both MDA5 signaling and RIG-I signaling through interaction with TRIM25 and RIG-I, V protein blocks RIG-I polyubiquitination, which is required for RIG-I activation. V protein also binds to MDA5, which may contribute to its inhibitory effect on MDA5 signaling. These findings indicate that PRV1 antagonizes host innate immune responses using various mechanisms, which provides important insights into the pathogenicity of PRV1.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Porcine Respirovirus 1 Suppresses Host Type I Interferon Production and the JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Lǐ

2023

Viruses

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Evaluation of the genotype I Japanese encephalitis virus as a stable viral vector for foreign gene expression

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2023

Antiviral Research

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Presence and Characterisation of Porcine Respirovirus 1 (PRV1) in Northern Italy

Sozzi,

Leo,

Bertasio

et al. 2024

Pathogens

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Porcine Respirovirus 1 (PRV1) is an enveloped, single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus belonging to the genus Respirovirus within the Paramyxoviridae family. Since its first detection in China in 2013, PRV1 has been identified in several American and European countries. Although its pathogenicity is uncertain, recent studies have suggested that it may play a role in the Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex (PRDC) because of its capacity to replicate in the upper and lower respiratory tracts. This study aimed to determine the spread of PRV1 in Northern Italy and the phylogeny of the isolates. Therefore, PRV1 was investigated using real-time RT-PCR in 902 samples collected from September 2022 to September 2023 from pigs with respiratory symptoms in North Italy. Fourteen (1.55%) samples tested as PRV1-positive. The full-length fusion (F) gene, which codifies for a major surface protein, was amplified and used for phylogenetic analysis to help carry out molecular epidemiological studies on this virus. In addition, swine influenza virus (SIV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infections were detected in most of the PRV1-positive samples. In conclusion, we report the detection of PRV1 in Italy and discuss its potential role as a co-factor in causing the Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex.

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Characterization of an emerging porcine respirovirus 1 isolate in the US: A novel viral vector for expression of foreign antigens

Cited by 3 publications

References 31 publications

Porcine Respirovirus 1 Suppresses Host Type I Interferon Production and the JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Porcine Respirovirus 1 Suppresses Host Type I Interferon Production and the JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Evaluation of the genotype I Japanese encephalitis virus as a stable viral vector for foreign gene expression

Presence and Characterisation of Porcine Respirovirus 1 (PRV1) in Northern Italy

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